Pacific Disaster Center 590 Lipoa Parkway, Suite 259

1. Aloha FEMA HiEd! Building Researcher-Practitioner-Stakeholder Coalitions: Experience from the Asia Pacific Region Speaker: Jim Buika FEMA Higher Education Project 8th Annual Conference Emmitsburg, MD June 7-9, 2005 Jim Buika Senior Manager Pacific Disaster Center 590 Lipoa Parkway, Suite 259 Kihei, Maui, Hawaii 96753http://www.pdc.org

2. Topics • Context for Asia-Pacific Disaster Risk Reduction Programs • Key Components for Successful Project Planning • Researcher-Practitioner-Stakeholder Coalitions

3. PDC Disaster Risk Reduction Planning Projects • American Samoa Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2003. • Multi-hazard Urban Risk Assessment for Marikina City, Philippines and Guidelines for Implementing Multi-hazard Risk Reduction Strategies for an Urban Environment, 2004. • Integrated Disaster Risk Management Planning Project for Metro Manila, Philippines, 2005. • Disaster Risk Management Program for Kathmandu, Nepal, 2005.

4. Context: Metro Manila and Marikina City Earthquake Risk, Local Magnitude 7.2, 350-year return period Flood risk, 10-year return period

5. Key Components for Successful Planning (1) • Sustained involvement by international experts • Advocacy by local political leaders • Risk Reduction Planning Framework that makes sense to local stakeholders • Sustained feedback from City decision makers

6. (1) Sustained Involvement by International Experts, 2002 –2006: U.S-Japan-Philippines Collaborative Planning Process US Japan Philippines Planning Team

7. (1) PDC-Japan-Marikina City Disaster Risk Planning Milestones Sept 03 Mar 04 May 04 Jul 04 Sep 04 Dec 04 Marikina Long Term Master Plan Marikina Safety Plan Comprehensive EQ Disaster Reduction Plan PDC – Japan Community-basedRisk Planning Workshop Digital Hazard Data Flood Hazard Flood History Stakeholder Advisory Committee Meeting Digital City Data Training, Edu, Outreach Stakeholder Advisory Workshop II(August) Multi-hazard Maps Hazard Impacts Mitigation Options Multi-hazard Action Plan Stakeholder III & Education Workshop (November) Disaster Reduction Strategies Training, Educ, & Outreach Mainstream Disaster Risk Reduction as part of Marikina Planning Process Outcome Improve Marikina Safety Program 2005 Implement Disaster Mitigation Education Center 2005

8. (2) Advocacy by Local Political Leaders

9. (2) Continued (!) Advocacyby Local Political Leaders • Five plans and programs guide Marikina City development strategies: 1. Marikina Safety Program: Comprehensive Earthquake Disaster Risk Reduction Program and Action Plan (2003-4) 2. Marikina City Comprehensive Land Use Plan (2003) 3. Marikina City Long-Term Master Plan (2003) 4. Invest in Marikina City Program (2004) 5. Flood Mitigation Program (2004) • Disaster Mitigation Education Center (2005) • Disaster Risk Management Master Plan for Metro Manila (2005)

10. (3) Risk Reduction Planning Framework that Makes Sense Understand risk in its context Communicate risk to key sectors Organize resources Prioritize mitigation projects Risk Reduction Planning Framework that makes sense to local stakeholders Implement mitigation measures

11. Identify Hazards • Research hazards • Reports • Interviews • News, etc. Catalog of Hazard Occurrences (3) Details Too Much: RVA Implementation Strategy Asset Inventory Profile Hazards Assess Losses • Disaster Narratives • Frequency • Potential impacts • Probability of occurrence Identification • Jurisdiction • Critical facilities • Societal • Economic Data Collection Hazard Risk Maps Vulnerability Maps Annualized Losses Mitigation Countermeasures

12. (3) Risk Reduction Planning Framework that Makes Sense Risk Reduction Planning Framework for Marikina City, Philippines Risk & Vulnerability Assessment Risk Reduction Policy Implementation Mitigation Countermeasures Supplemented by Guidelines for Implementing Multi-hazard Risk Reduction Strategies for an Urban Environment

13. (3) Risk Reduction Planning Framework Includes Guidelines and Templates

14. Issues: Issues: Issues: Issues: 1. Size of task – where to begin? Most actions have City Engineer as lead 2. Emergency ops – urgent need to identify utility lines with GIS 3. Need for consulting with City before workshops • 1. City human resource capacity • building • 2. Safety Program public involvement • (barangays) • 3. Education for safety in the schools 1. Educating citizens to prepare 2. Educating investors to buy-in to safety 3. Encouraging other cities in Metro Manila region to carry some of the load 1. Modifiy shaking intensity GIS colors – red too alarming 2. 2004 theme “Invest in Marikina” – get investor buy-in 3. World Bank Report (see) – foreign direct investment, river and cultural heritage development projects? Education Implementation Training Center Economic Dev. - Land Use External Mayor Marides C. Fernando Mr. Jun Aguilar, Chief, Planning Office Mr. Melvin A. CruzCity Administrator Engr. Alfonso P. Espiritu Disaster Mgr/EM Julie Borje, Director, Ctr of Excellence Internal Personal Capacity Building Structural Mitigation (4) Sustained Feedback from Decision Makers

15. Key Components for Successful Planning (2) 5. Proactive Stakeholder Advisory Committee 6. Involvement of local subject matter experts 7. Informed citizenry through project participation and training 8. Awareness and lessons learned from disasters and emergency events

16. (5) Proactive Stakeholder Advisory Committee Stakeholder Advisory Committee Approach • Understand City Priorities and Direction • Reach Common Vision, Project Goals, Objectives • Design Scope of Work to meet City priorities • Add Key Role of a Trusted Local Investigator (paid by project)

17. (6) Integrating Local Experts with Stakeholder Advisory Committee Marikina City Stakeholder Advisory Committee 1) Administrator 2) Planning 3) Public Works /Eng 4) Architect 5) Education 6) GIS and MIS 7) Investments/Promo 8) Legislative Council Local & Regional Experts 1) PHIVOLCS 2) Manila Development Auth. 3) Flood Control District 4) Environment 5) PAGASA (Met. Services) 6) Business Sector 7) City Teachers & U of Phil 8) Media Hon. Mdm. Lourdes C. Fernando MAYOR CENTEX Ms. Julie Borje On-site Local Investigator PDC Project Manager Jim Buika GIS, Internet Map Viewer, & Training Chris Chiesa Todd Bosse PDC Team Flood Risk & Vulnerability Assessment Stanley Goosby Jim Buika PDC Team

18. (7) Informed Citizenry through Project Participation and Training Initial Extent Marikina City Internet Map Viewer URL: www.pdc.org/marikina

19. Flood Prone Areaswith Critical Facilities Flood Prone Areas

20. Peak Ground AccelerationNear City Hall

21. Flood Prone AreaNear City Hall

22. (8) Awareness and Lessons Learned from Disasters and Emergency Events In the Philippines, during 2004 alone: • 6.9 earthquake • Four active volcanoes • Seven tropical cyclones • Major floods and landslides • Loss of life and internal displacement of families in November multiple typhoons • Flooding in Marikina City Repeated Events Bring a Call to Action!

23. Researcher-Practitioner-Stakeholder Coalitions Lead to a Sustainable Future 1992 Flood Areas 10446 residences impacted 450 businesses impacted 2004 Flood Areas Reduced to 4877 residences (54%) Reduced to 289 businesses (36%) • Researcher-Practitioner-Stakeholder Coalition conducted, documented & demonstrated Marikina City flood mitigation success, prompting Mayor to set a goal to eliminate residential flooding by 2015.

24. BuildingResearcher-Practitioner-Stakeholder Coalitions via Project Organization Marikina City Stakeholder Advisory Committee 1) Administrator 2) Planning 3) Public Works /Eng 4) Architect 5) Education 6) GIS and MIS 7) Investments/Promo 8) Legislative Council Local & Regional Experts 1) PHIVOLCS 2) Manila Development Auth. 3) Flood Control District 4) Environment 5) PAGASA (Met. Services) 6) Business Sector 7) City Teachers & U of Phil 8) Media Hon. Mdm. Lourdes C. Fernando MAYOR CENTEX Ms. Julie Borje On-site Data Collection Resource PDC Project Manager Jim Buika GIS, Internet Map Viewer, & Training Chris Chiesa Todd Bosse PDC Team Flood Risk & Vulnerability Assessment Stanley Goosby Jim Buika PDC Team

25. Examples ofResearcher-Practitioner-Stakeholder Coalitions • FEMA Higher Education Project • USGS Science Impact Program • Earthquakes and Megacities Initiative

26. FEMA Higher Education Project Researcher-Practitioner Coalition Sri Lanka • Dr. Kapila Dahanayake, University of Peradeniya • Developing Masters Degree Program in Disaster Management • PDC desire to create a FEMA Hi Ed Coalition • Provide sustained International (US) Involvement • Provide Advise to Advocates • I need your assistance to create coalition and a program!

27. USGS Science Impact ProgramUniversity Collaborations Science Impact draws upon skills that extend the USGS' traditional workforce. Expertise will be required in the decision and social sciences, economics, operations research analysis and statistics, as well as negotiations and collaborative processes. To gain expertise and capacity, the USGS is establishing Science Impact Partnerships with external organizations that have demonstrated capabilities in these areas. Five Science Impact Partnerships : • Science Impact Laboratory for Policy and Economics: University of New Mexico • Science Impact Laboratory for Urban Systems: University of Pennsylvania • Science Impact Center for Visualization and Delivery: Prescott College • Indigenous Knowledge Center for Education and Science Impact: Sinte Gleska University • MIT - USGS Science Impact Collaborative: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

28. Central Authorities Civil Society Local Government Public Works Urban Planning Emergency Management Building and Construction CBO’s NGO’s Social Services Public Safety Financial Planning Education & Rec. Media Academia Business Mainstreaming Model:

29. Acknowledgement of Researchers, Practitioners, and Stakeholders via References • Buika,James,Stanley Goosby, Sharon Mielbrecht, Dr. Allen Clark, Julie Borje, Tomas Aguilar, Jr., Dr. Haruo Hayashi, Dr. Norio Maki, Dr. Machiko Banba, and Kenneth Topping, 2005,A United States-Japan-Philippines Collaborative Planning Process To Implement A Multi-Hazard, Urban Risk Reduction Strategy For Marikina City, Philippines, Proceedings Volume, International Conference on Urban Disaster Reduction, Kobe, Japan, Jan 18-20, 2005. • Stanley Goosby, Chris Chiesa, Sharon Mielbrecht, and Todd Bosse, 2005, Assessing And Reducing The Impacts Of Disasters In The Asia Pacific Region, Proceedings Volume, International Conference on Urban Disaster Reduction, Kobe, Japan, Jan 18-20, 2005. • Above articles available at www.pdc.org • Primer on Education and Training Opportunities for Disaster Managers in the Asia Pacific Region and United States, 2003-2004 http://www.pdc.org/Pubs_Page/Education_Training.pdf

30. Conclusion: Components forSuccessful Planning Involves Coalitions • Sustained involvement by international experts • Advocacy by local political leaders • Risk Reduction Planning Framework that makes sense to local stakeholders • Sustained feedback from City decision makers • Proactive Stakeholder Advisory Committee 6. Involvement of local subject matter experts 7. Informed citizenry through project participation and training 8. Awareness and lessons learned from disasters and emergency events