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Lower limb fractures types

Lower limb fractures types. Fractures Of The Femoral Neck ( Intra-Capsular). Clinically the patient complains of pain in the hip and the limb may be shortened and   externally rotated. . Gardens Classification: grade1: incomplete impacted fracture of the femoral neck. 

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Lower limb fractures types

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  1. Lower limb fractures types

  2. Fractures Of The Femoral Neck (Intra-Capsular) Clinically the patient complains of pain in the hip and the limb may be shortened and   externally rotated.  • Gardens Classification: • grade1: incomplete impacted fracture of the femoral neck.  • grade 2: complete undisplaced fracture.  • grade 3: complete fracture with moderate displacement.  • grade 4: severely displaced fracture.  • 1+2 – AO screws 3+4 - hemiarthroplasty

  3. Femur – intertrochanteric (extracapsular) • Less commonly associated with AVN • Mx – dynamic hip screw Jensons

  4. Femoral Shaft fractures • Spiral – twisting w/ anchored foot • Transverse/oblique – direct trauma • Communited/segmental

  5. Supracondylar fractures • Transverse or communited

  6. Tibial plateau • Often from MVA, varus or valgus force • Type 1: Wedge fracture of lateral tibial plateau. Lag screws alone suffice for fixation   • Type 2: lateral tibial wedge fracture with a associated depression. Fixation is with a buttress             plate and bone grafting. • Type 3: Depression of lateral.tibial plateau but no associated wedge fracture   • Type 4: Medial tibial plateau fracture • Type 5: bicondylar fracture of both plateau. • Type 6: The hallmark of this fracture is the separation of the metaphysis and the diaphysis

  7. Patella fractures • Direct/indirect trauma to knee • Most commonly transverse #, rarely vertical • Displaced fracture of patella treated with circalage wire and screws

  8. tibfib • Fairly common costib is superficial, most common open fracture of longbone. • Ring principle • Most often spiral fractures from rotational force • Weber Classification Weber A • Fibula Fracture below syndesmosis • Weber B • Fibula Fracture at syndesmosis, may tear ligament • Weber C • Fibula Fracture, above syndesmosis, ligament torn • Unstable

  9. Ankle • The ankle is usually injured by indirect forces with the foot either being externally rotated,  inverted, everted or less commonly internally rotated on the tibia. bimalleolar CLASSIFICATION First degree: fracture of one malleolus, no talar shift with a stable ankle mortice. Second degree:bimalleolar fracture or a fracture of one malleolus with ligament tear leading   to instability of the ankle.  Third degree: trimalleolar fracture with instability in the mediolateral and anteroposterior direction.  Fourth degree: supra-syndesmotic fracture of the fibula, possible tearing of the inferior tib-  fibular ligament and diastasis.  Fifth degree: vertical impaction fracture of the distal articular surface of the tibia.

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