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TAH Pasadena. Progressivism and California's Era of Reform. November 5, 2011. California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 1. Social and Economic Change in the Progressive Era 2. The Origins of California Progressivism 3 . The Heyday of California Progressivism
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TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 1. Social and Economic Change in the Progressive Era 2. The Origins of California Progressivism 3. The Heyday of California Progressivism 4. California’s Age of Reform in a Global Context 5. The Tide Recedes: The Decline of Progressivism 1915-1920
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 Frank Norris California Wheat Early Wheat Flour Grinder • 1. Social and Economic Change in the Progressive Era • The Growth of the Octopus • From Wheat Bonanza to the Garden Myth • Water Wars
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 • 1. Social and Economic Change in the Progressive Era • The Growth of the Octopus • From Wheat Bonanza to the Garden Myth
How and why did Los Angeles grow so quickly? Who controlled the water? Who lost the war over water? Should Los Angeles have never been? How persuasive was “Cadillac Desert” in telling this history? Did San Franciscans differently manage the problem of water? What relationship did Progressives assume between culture and technology? TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 • 1. Social and Economic Change in the Progressive Era • The Growth of the Octopus • From Wheat Bonanza to the Garden Myth • Water Wars
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 • 1. Social and Economic Change in the Progressive Era • The Growth of the Octopus • From Wheat Bonanza to the Garden Myth • Water Wars Water and Urban Growth: San Francisco vs. Southern California Los Angeles San Diego San Francisco 1860 4,385 733 56,802 1870 5,728 2,300 149,473 1880 11,183 2,637 233,959 1890 50,395 16,159 299,467 1900 102,479 17,700 342,782 1910 310,198 35,578 416,912 1920 576,673 74,361 506,676 1930 1,238,048 147,995 634,394
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 2. The Origins of California Progressivism • Barbary Coast and City of Reform: Urban Origins of California Progressivism • Los Angeles
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 2. The Origins of California Progressivism • Barbary Coast and City of Reform: Urban Origins of California Progressivism • Los Angeles • Free Harbor League • Direct Legislation League • Citywide Elections • Municipal Ownership of Utilities • Boosters: Harrison Gray Otis and the L.A. Times • Open shops and worker radicalism • L.A. Times Bombing 1910
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 2. The Origins of California Progressivism • Barbary Coast and City of Reform: Urban Origins of California Progressivism “Barbary Coast” 1897: The lure of the exotic
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 2. The Origins of California Progressivism • Barbary Coast and City of Reform: Urban Origins of California Progressivism • San Francisco The Union Labor Party and the graft trial of 1905 James D. Phelan • Charter reform • Municipal Ownership • Fighting Corruption and Vice
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 2. The Origins of California Progressivism • Barbary Coast and City of Reform: Urban Origins of California Progressivism • San Francisco …the Earthquake of 1906
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 Hiram Johnson, California Governor, 1910-1917 • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 3. The Heyday of California Progressivism • Direct Government • John Randolph Haynes Advocates Direct Legislation, 1911, p.199. • What, according to Haynes, made California’s move towards direct democracy all the more meaningful? In what context did Haynes place California’s political progressive reforms? • Did Haynes consider the measures for direct legislation revolutionary? • According to Haynes, what had experience (i.e. history) shown was the relationship between prosperity and democratic participation? Do you agree? Why? Why not? • What relationship between intelligence/competence and political participation did Haynes suggest? Do you agree? Why? Why not? • As a California voter and resident, do you feel more engaged and empowered because of the instruments of direct democracy introduced by progressives?
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 "California women suffrage parade," photographic post card, 1908. • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 3. The Heyday of California Progressivism • Women on the March: Social Activism in California • Carrie Chapman Catt Argues That home and Government Are Related, 1907, p.203. • What concept did Chapman argue against? • What were some of the connections that related politics and the home? • What do you think was Chapman’s ultimate point? • Did Chapman embrace the concept of equality of men and women? Women’s Suffrage
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 3. The Heyday of California Progressivism • Women on the March: Social Activism in California • Katherine Philips Edson Boasts of Women’s Influence on State Legislation, 1913, p.204. • Give some examples of laws that passed, according to Edson, thanks to women’s political influence? • Where these laws merely focused on the domestic sphere? • What seemed to distinguish women from men in their conduct of politics, according to Edson’s examples?
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 3. The Heyday of California Progressivism • California and its Role in the Nation
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 4. Progressive California in a Global Context • California: Gateway to the Pacific Empire • Locking the Gate: Progressives and Chinese Immigration • Looking South: The Specter of Revolution • The Opening of the Panama Canal • Immigration and Commerce • Race and Americanization
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 The Great White Fleet Visiting the Harbor of Los Angeles in San Pedro, 1908 • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 4. Progressive California in a Global Context • California: Gateway to the Pacific Empire • Locking the Gate: Progressives and Chinese Immigration • Looking South: The Specter of Revolution • Mary S. Gibson Explains Why Progressive Women Should Uplift Immigrant Women, 1914, p.206. • What, according to Gibson, stood at the heart of the immigration question, “for the immigrant and for the State?” • What had been the problem in previous efforts to assimilate immigrants and lead them to citizenship? • What, according to Gibson, was necessary for successful Americanization? • What do you think of the way Gibson, and those she quoted, evaluated the culture of immigrants?
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 Picture Brides Paper Sons • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 4. Progressive California in a Global Context • Locking the Gate: Progressives and Chinese Immigration • Chester H. Rowell Analyzes the Problem of Japanese Immigration in California, 1914. • How did Rowell explain the resistance of Californians against Japanese Immigration? W • What particular law might have created the furor in Japan that he mentioned? • How did Rowell characterize the Japanese? • Why did he think the Japanese inassimilable nonetheless? • What vision of world peace did Rowell have? What do you think?
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 4. Progressive California in a Global Context • Locking the Gate: Progressives and Chinese Immigration
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 Porfirio Diaz Pancho Villa: Hero of the Mexican Revolutionary War • California in the Progressive Era, 1895-1920 • 4. Progressive California in a Global Context • Looking South: The Specter of Revolution: “Mexicanization” • 5. The Tide Recedes: The Decline of Progressivism 1915-1920 Struggle over the Porfiriato: Mexican Revolution, Civil War, and Migration Volker Janssen / Allison Varzally
TAH Pasadena Progressivism and California's Era of Reform November 5, 2011 • Discussion: • How have you taught California in the Proghressive Era in the past? • What has worked? What hasn’t? • What are the challenges of teaching this topic? • New Approaches to Teaching California Progressivism: