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Albert “Big Al” Bandura. Social Learning and Aggression. A complete theory of aggression must explain:. Acquisition Initiation (use) Maintenance . Acquisition. How do people learn aggression? Vicarious Learning Family, Subculture, Mass Media Direct Experience (Operant)
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Albert “Big Al” Bandura Social Learning and Aggression
A complete theory of aggression must explain: • Acquisition • Initiation (use) • Maintenance
Acquisition • How do people learn aggression? • Vicarious Learning • Family, Subculture, Mass Media • Direct Experience (Operant) • Not “mechanical,” but Cognitive • Bandura • Aggression learned through observation and refined through reinforced practice
Instigation • Biologically based motivators • Result of damage to body, “painful” • Cognitively based motivators • Ability to represent future consequences in our thought
Instigators (Motivation) • Aversive Instigators • Physical assualt (get hit) • But, not “frustration-aggression” • Will hitting back reduce pain in future? • Is hitting back in behavioral repertoire? • Verbal threats/insults • Aversive changes in life conditions • Thwarting of goal behaviors
Instigators • Incentive Instigators • “Anticipated rewards” or a “pull” towards aggression • How can we anticipate? • Our experience and/or observation of others • Modeling Instigators • Bobo doll
Instigators • Instructional Instigators • Nazi Germany • Delusional Instigators • “my toaster told me to do it”
Maintaining Aggressive Behavior • Maintenance Mechanisms • External Reinforcement (Operant) • Self-Regulatory Mechanisms • Self-reward, self-punishment (based on moral code) • Disengagement of internal control