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Part Two of The Revolutionary War Notes . Review Boston Tea Party: (what do you remember about this event?). Review. Tarring and feathering Cheap tea The colonies’ reaction Resistance Tea overboard Samuel Adams Sons of Liberty. Key Players During the Boston Tea Party.
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Part Two of The Revolutionary War Notes Review Boston Tea Party: (what do you remember about this event?)
Review • Tarring and feathering • Cheap tea • The colonies’ reaction • Resistance • Tea overboard • Samuel Adams • Sons of Liberty
Key Players During the Boston Tea Party • Lord North, the British prime minister at the time of the Boston Tea Party • Thomas Hutchinson, governor of Massachusetts • Samuel Adams, Major leader of the anti-British protest movement Samuel Adams Lord North Thomas Hutchinson
Continental Congress • In September 1774, twelve of the thirteen colonies sent representatives to Philadelphia to attend the First Continental Congress. The reason that they went their was to discuss the “present unhappy state of the colonies.” Seven weeks of discussion took place and then the colonies agreed to support the views of the Patriots. They called on Britain to repeal the Coercive Acts and to be boycotted until these demands had been met.
Patriots • People who love their country and support it. American patriots fought against Britain. Also known as Rebels, Revolutionaries, Congress-Men, or American Whigs.
Loyalists Those who were pro-British and remained on the side of Britain. Also known as Tories or Kings men.
General Thomas Gage (CA. 1719-1787) • Commander in Chief of the British army in North America. Following the Boston Tea Party, he was appointed governor of Massachusetts. In 1775, Gage attempted to seize weapons from American militiamen, and that led to the first shots in the Revolutionary War.
Patrick Henry (1736-1799) He was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. Became governor of Virginia. When the colonies were planning their course of action against Britain in 1775, Henry gave a famous speech in which he said, “The war is actually begun! The next gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our ears the clash of resounding arms!....Give me liberty, or give me death!”
Review What you know: • Paul Revere- The patriots are warned • Battle of Lexington • Battle of Concord
The Shot • April 14, 1775, General Gage received orders from Britain to end the rebellion in Massachusetts. He was told to use any force necessary to regain control by Britain. This was the signal for the Revolutionary War to begin!
George Washington • He was an experienced solider who had previously served in the British army during the French and Indian War. • He became commander of the continental army, and his job was to recruit men and train them to become soldiers. After leading the army during the Revolutionary war, George Washington became the first president of the United States of America.
Delegates at the Congress included Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/battle-of-bunker-hill# Watch the video clip
Paraphrase This Slide • On June 17, some 2,200 British forces under the command of Major General William Howe (1729-1814) and Brigadier General Robert Pigot (1720-96) landed on the Charlestown Peninsula then marched to Breed’s Hill. As the British advanced in columns against the Americans, Prescott, in an effort to conserve the Americans’ limited supply of ammunition, reportedly told his men, “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes!” When the Redcoats were within several dozen yards, the Americans let loose with a lethal barrage of musket fire, throwing the British into retreat. • After re-forming their lines, the British attacked again, with much the same result. Prescott’s men were now low on ammunition, though, and when the Redcoats went up the hill for a third time, they reached the redoubts and engaged the Americans in hand-to-hand combat. The outnumbered Americans were forced to retreat. However, by the end of the engagement, the Patriots’ gunfire had cut down some 1,000 enemy troops, with more than 200 killed and more than 800 wounded. More than 100 Americans perished, while more than 300 others were wounded. Battle of Bunker Hill: June 17, 1775
The Olive Branch Petition • Some of the representatives at the Congress wanted to end the conflict quickly and peacefully, before the fighting got any worse. In July 1775, the Olive Branch Petition was sent to King George III. The petition asked him not to fight the colonies, but to take a listen to their concerns. King George III refused to read the petition, and instead declared the colonies to be in an open rebellion against Britain. This was nothing less than a declaration of war by Britain against its colonies in North America.
Declaration of Independence • Despite the British victory at Bunker Hill, the British army was still trapped inside Boston. • The siege dragged on for a whole year until, in March 1776, the British army evacuated the town. The British sailed away to Canada, leaving Boston and the 13 colonies on their own.
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense • (January 1776) A pamphlet was published called Common Sense: Addressed to the Inhabitants of America. The author was Thomas Paine who had taken the side of the colonists and had lived in America for over a year. The pamphlet called on all Americans to break with Britain, and called King George III “the royal brute.” Paine wrote in a language that everyone could understand.
One Huge Step • Declaring independence was a giant step to take for America. It could only be done by Congress, and only if it was what the colonies wanted. Virginia became the first colony to push for independence, in May 1776. Other colonies instructed their congressmen to vote in favor. However, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Maryland instructed their representatives to vote no.
Voting • Richard Henry Lee (Virginia) proposed that the Congress accept the colonies were “free and independent states.” • Congress set up a committee to draft a declaration based on Lee’s proposal. • Who was most of the drafting work done by? • (________________ ________________)
Re-cap • Remember: Thomas Jefferson drafted most of the declaration of independence! • At the vote, nine colonies were in favor of independence and four were against. This was no good. They voted again the next day • This time twelve of the thirteen colonies voted in favor. New York later voted yes to independence.
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) He was born to a wealthy farming family in Virginia. He became a lawyer and then a politician. He was known as dreamer who had vision. Jefferson was chosen to draft the Dec of Independence because of his skill with words. Jefferson went on to become the third president of the United States of America.
Declaration of Independence • On July 4, 1776, Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence.
A New Flag • In 1777, congress adopted a new flag for the United States of America. The flag had thirteen red and white stripes and thirteen stars on a blue background-a star for each state.
Sources • www.scholastic .com • Google images (https://www.google.com/search?q=continental+congress&safe=active&client=firefox-a&hs=pkV&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=Ixk0U6qUFIXMsQS67IKoBg&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=986&bih=620&dpr=1#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=nZ52oSxcp1hhOM%253A%3B5aF0JrEhFZ40OM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fmemory.loc.gov%252Fammem%252Fcollections%252Fcontinental%252Fimages%252Fbroadsides_home.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fmemory.loc.gov%252Fammem%252Fcollections%252Fcontinental%252F%3B234%3B175)
