World Meteorological Organization

1. World Meteorological Organization Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems Demonstration Project - Concept By Maryam Golnaraghi, Ph.D. Chief, Natural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Programme

2. International Attention on Early Warning Systems with “Multi-Hazard” Approach • First International Early Warning Conferences (Postdam, 1998) • Second World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg, 2002) • Johannesburg Plan of Implementation • Second International Early Warning Conferences (Bonn, 2003) • Platform for Promotion of Early Warnings • World Conference on Disaster Reduction (Kobe, January 2005) • Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 • G8 Summit and UN General Assembly (2005, 2006) • Global Early Warning Survey (2006) • Third International Early Warning Conference (Bonn, March 2006) • WMO Symposium on Multi-Hazard EWS for Integrated Disaster Management (Geneva, May 2006) • First Session of Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (biannual meeting 5-7 June 2007)

3. Request from EC-LVIII (1/2) To document and share successful cases of NMHSs in the prevention and mitigation of meteorological-, hydrological and climate-related disasters, focusing on theirefforts in combining their warning services with the disaster prevention and preparedness operations organized by governments, which played a vital role in reducing the loss of human life and property.

4. Request from EC-LVIII (2/2) With regards to the “multi-hazard” approach, EC LVIII requested • That the feasibility and potential achievable benefits of themulti-hazard approach be further explored through clear demonstration projects to determine whether economies and synergies could be achieved through building on and complementing existing early warning systems capacities, infrastructures and activities of various partners involved in different aspects of early warning systems.

5. WMO Symposium ″Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems″ WMO Headquarter, May 2006 • Goals: 1) To explore further the concept of “multi-hazard” approach to early warning systems, 2) To recommend examples of good practices • Participants: 99 experts and practitioners from 18 agencies and NMHSs, WMO Programmes • Co-Sponsored by: ISDR Secretariat, World Bank, UNDP, IFRC, UNESCO, OCHA

6. Need for Strong Governance, Organizational Coordination and Operational Processes • 3) Dissemination and Communication • Effective warning messages • Incorporation of information about risks in warning messages • Understandable warning messages • Authoritative warnings (Authentication of sources) • Dissemination networks • Interoperability (use of international standards) • Redundancy and resilience of networks • Same distribution channels for warnings of different hazards (cost efficiency, reliability and effectiveness) • Standard warning terminologies (nationwide, and across borders, traffic light concept) • 1) Early Detection, Monitoring and Warning Services • Strengthen observation systems • Coverage • Sustainability • Inter-operability • Multi-use of networks (where practical) • Built on "system of systems" concept • Data policies • Prediction and forecasting • Methodologies, accuracy and lead time • Multi-disciplinary • 2) Risk Knowledge and Integration in Warning Messages • Data gaps, quality, accessibility, sharing • Hazard • Vulnerability(e.g. socio-economic, topographic…) • Standardized methodologies and expertise (e.g. hazard analysis, risk modelling) • Understanding of the changing patterns of risk (e.g. hazard, vulnerabilities) • Local capacities • 4) Integration in Preparedness and Response Processes • Education and awareness (emergency responders, authorities, risk managers, emergency responders, media, public…): • Understanding of warnings and uncertainties • Awareness of less frequent events • Cross-Training of Operational Agencies • Operational planning • Drills • Community preparedness

7. WMO EWS Symposium Criteria for Identification of Good Practices • Political commitment, DRR plans, legislation, roles and responsibilities • Coordination mechanism among agencies • Authoritative, understandable warnings • Combine hazard, risk and response information • Dissemination Mechanisms • Match resources and culture • Sustainability, interoperability, reliability • Integration of warning information in emergency preparedness and response actions • Community-based Emergency preparedness and training programmes • Feedback mechanisms to improve the system

8. WMO EWS Symposium Identified Examples of Good Practices • France Vigilance system • Shanghai Emergency Preparedness System • Cuba tropical cyclone early warning system • Bangladesh Cyclone Preparedness Programme • Noted that there are other such good practices that need to be also identified

9. Multi-Hazard Early Warning Demonstration Project Concept

10. (1)Governance, Organizational Coordination and Operational Processes (3)Cost-BenefitsAnalysis (2) Strengthened operational Technical capacities and inter-agency cooperation Disaster Preparedness and Response Systems D A T A Warnings, specialized forecasts, and other Services Protection of lives, livelihood and property Media Internet Internet SMS Other

11. Coordination and Cooperation With Other Agencies for Early Detection, Development and Issuance of Warning Increasing Level of coordination with civil protection and risk management agencies for issuance of warnings Type I Type II Type III Hazard under mandate of other agencies but NMHS contribute e.g. locust, health epidemic, man-made hazards Hazard under joint mandate with another technical agency e.g. floods, landslides, heat/health etc. Hazard fully under the mandate of NMHS e.g. strong winds, strong rainfall, snow/ice, hail, tropical cyclone Increasing Level of coordination with technical agencies for early detection, monitoring and development of warnings

12. Deliverables 1) Documentation of governance, organizational coordination and operational processes; • NMHSs’ support and response to national to local needs • Strengthening operational capacities and inter-agencies coordination and cooperation for • Development, delivery and utilization of warnings • Driven by priorities and requirements 3) Analysis of benefits of early warning systems • Sustainability of capacities 5) Sharing experiences and good practices • Publications, manuals, study tours, training workshops, symposia

13. Project Planning Concept4 - Step Process 1. Establish partnership and "buy-in" • Plan and develop demonstration project • Driven by priorities and requirements • Project Management Team • Project planning (deliverables, timelines, milestones) • Planning pre- and post-project actions • Secretariat crosscutting task team to support the project • Implement demonstration project • Validate concepts • Work out problem areas • Sustain capacities and broaden project • Share experience

14. Strong wind Strong rainfall Thunderstorm Snow/Ice Avalanches Heat waves Hazards + NEW: Flood warning map France Vigilance System Level of warning Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 Warnings activate cascades of preparedness and response plans, actions and responsibilities Legislation Planning Authoritative WarningsOrganizational linkages Training and feedback national to local authorities

15. Shanghai City: Multi-Hazard Early Warning and Emergency Response Programme Governance : (mega) city-level. Organisational: Top-down (monitoring, forecasting, warning) and bottom-up Operational: Community-based + high tech monitoring and alerting tools Multi-Hazard Approach: Services are specialized but shared for alert dissemination and response mechanisms.