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Medicine in Ancient Mesopotamia. Sources. The earliest recipies. By the end of the third millenium b.c. medicine is mentioned for the first time 12 drugs described No eldritch forces. Ur-Lugaledin. 2000 b.c. A royal physician Ur-Lugaledin is shown
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The earliest recipies • By the end of the third millenium b.c. medicine is mentioned for the first time • 12 drugs described • No eldritch forces
Ur-Lugaledin • 2000 b.c. • A royal physician Ur-Lugaledin is shown • Seal ring represents two figures of a health god, knives and pounder as well as two pots probably for balms
Hymn to the goddess Ninisina • Around 1750 b.c. • Godess Ninisina – The Lady of Isin • Afterwards named Gula and Bau • Many demons mentioned
Hammurabi’s code of law • Around 1750 b.c. • First centralized health system in history • Physicians were well rewarded and hardly punished
Assurbanipal’s library • Around 650 b.c. • Library containing over 650 medical texts • Many demons and deities are mentioned
Herodotus • Around 450 b.c. • Persian authority in Mesopotamia • There are no physicians • Sick persons lie on the squares
Physicians • Ashipu - sorcerer • Asu - physician • Baru - diviner • Gallabu - barber • Veterinarian • Medical schools in Uruk and Borsippa
Hammurabi’s code of law • A sliding scale based on ability to pay and seriousness of the procedure • Awelum paid most, mushkenum less. The wardum's owner paid least for successful procedure • Unsuccessful procedure- of the higher classes, hands were cut off - of the slave,doctor had to get a new slave or pay his full price • Evidence of ophthalmologic surgeries
Gula's temples • Temples in Isin, Borsippa, Assur and Nippur • A place to thank gods for healing • No beds • Diagnostic centres and libraries
Ninisina or Gula • The greatest godess • Also known as Bau, Ninkarrak, Nintinuga i Meme • Dog is her simbol