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Introducing Organic Chemistry

Introducing Organic Chemistry. content by Mr H J Graham BSc PGCE. Definitions of Organic chemistry on the Web. Branch of chemistry that deals with carbon-containing compounds.

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Introducing Organic Chemistry

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  1. Introducing Organic Chemistry content by Mr H J Graham BSc PGCE

  2. Definitions of Organic chemistry on the Web Branch of chemistry that deals with carbon-containing compounds The study of the carbon atom and the compounds it forms, mainly with the 20 lightest elements, especially hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Some 3 million organic compounds have been identified and named The chemistry of compounds containing carbon (originally defined as the chemistry of substances produced by living organisms but now extended to substances synthesized artificially)

  3. Hydrocarbons These are organic compounds that contain just carbon + hydrogen Examples include methane CH4, butane C4H10, ethyne C2H2, methylpropane, and benzene C6H6. Hydrocarbons are broadly classified into two types. ALIPHATIC + AROMATIC hydrocarbons. Aliphatic molecules consist of just straight chains. Aromatic hydrocarbons should contain at least one aromatic ring (benzene) is the simplest example

  4. butane Notice + discuss name endings methylpropane methane ethyne benzene

  5. The aliphatic hydrocarbons can be divided into ALKANES, ALKENES, ALKYNES and ALICYCLIC compounds. The first three are the most important. The alkanes are completely saturated and consist of single bonds only. Their names always end -ane. They have a general formula all members fit a formula Cn H2n+2 (n = 1,2,3....) The alkenes are unsaturated and must contain at least one double bond. Their names always end -ene. They have a general formula all members fit a formula Cn H2n (n = 2,3,4....) The alkynes are unsaturated and must contain at least one triple bond. Their names always end -yne. They have a general formula all members fit a formula Cn H2n-2 (n = 2,3,4....)

  6. n formula structure name 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Teacher scribble page

  7. http://www.hpwt.de/Chemie/Alkanee.gif

  8. http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=7382&rendTypeId=4 Discuss; spot the trends bpt and mpt

  9. http://www.nmc.edu/~koverbaugh/bio115/Image3.gif ISOMERS C4H10 Two compounds are considered isomers if they have the same molecular formula (i.e. the same numbers and types of atoms) but different structures. There are two types of isomers, structural isomers and stereoisomers. Two compounds are considered structural isomersis they have the same molecular formula but different connections between atoms (bonding). Two compounds are considered stereoisomersif they have the same molecular formula, the same connections between atoms, but different arrangements of the atoms in three dimensional space

  10. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/archive/f/f3/20070125021224!Pentane_isomers.PNGhttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/archive/f/f3/20070125021224!Pentane_isomers.PNG Pentane

  11. n formula structure name 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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