William Carey (1761 – 1834)

1. CHURCH HISTORY IILesson 28 The 1800’s - “The Great Century” William Carey (1761 – 1834) Expect great things from God,attempt great things for God.”

2. Church History Ca. 30AD 590 AD 1517 AD Ancient Church History Medieval Church History Modern Church History Reformation & Counter Reformation Apostolic Church The First Medieval Pope The Rise of the Holy Rom Emp Apostolic Fathers Rationalism, Revivalism, & Denominationalism The Crusades Church Councils Revivalism, Missions, & Modernism Golden Age of Church Fathers The Papacy in Decline The Pre-Reformers ?

3. The 1800’s - “The Great Century” Great in its results - missionary zeal & social reform Great in its reach - into all the world

4. The Context of the Great Century Great Spiritual Revivals German Pietistic Revival – Moravians early to mid 1700’s English Methodist Revivals – late 1730 – 1790’s 1st Great Awakening – 1720’s – 1760’s 2nd Great Awakening – 1790’s – 1840’s

5. The Context of the Great Century Great Modernization Great growth in worldwide peace (1815 - 1914) Great growth in scientific knowledge Germs/fighting disease Surgery-antisepsis & anethesia Chemicals to fight pests Genetics – seed selection/breeding Great growth in technology Telegraph & telephone Electricity Refrigeration – industrial uses Steam powered factories/farm equip Great growth in transportation Steam – ships/trains Great growth in prosperity Industrial Revolution (few - very wealthy, large minority – middle class, many - very poor)

6. The Context of the Great Century Christianity Assaulted Charles Darwin Nietzsche Comte Huxley Sciences Karl Marx Societal Organization Materialism & Sin Prosperity & Urbanization

7. The Context of the Great Century Colonization Colonialism is the extension of a nation’s sovereignty over territory beyond itsborders by the establishment of either settler or exploitation colonies in whichindigenous populations are directly ruled, displaced, or exterminated. Colonizingnations generally dominate the resources, labor, and markets of the colonial territory, and may also imposse socio-cultural, religious and linguistic structureson the indigenous population.

8. 1900

9. Christianity Challenged by Outside Threats & Unprecedented Opportunity Social Reforms Religious Awakening &Modern Technology Missionary Endeavors

10. Social Reform America Prohitibion against dueling Abolition of debtor prison & general prison reform Prohibition movements began in late 1700’sMethodist, Presbyterian, & Congregationalist1895 – Anti-Saloon League 18th Amendment adopted in 1919; 1933 Abolition of Slavery1769 – Congregational churches began to preach against slavery1833 – Lane Seminary in Cincinnati became the center of an anti-slavery movement led by students. When the admin. Prohibited the students participation, the students left for Oberlin College. 1833 – The American Anti-Slavery SocietyMany denominations split – Wesleyan Methodist Church; Southern Baptist Church; Presbyterian Church.

11. Social Reform America (cont.) Urbanization Industrialization & immigration caused cities to grow rapidlyCity Rescue Missions – The Water Street Mission of New York – 1872 Chicago’s Pacific Garden Mission, 1877 Young Men’s Christian Association – Boston in 1851Young Women’s Christian Association – 1855 The Goodwill Industries – 1900 The Salvation Army – Late 1880’s

12. Social Reform England William Wilberforce (1759-1833) – outlaw of the slave trade Lord Shaftesbury (1801-1885) – in 1840 worked for laws againstunfair child labor – chimney sweeps, mine work; reform of insane asylums & lodging houses. John Howard & Elizabeth Fry worked to reform prisons YMCA & YWCA – youth living in cities

13. Missionary Endeavors Background Moravians – Caribbean, Far East, Africa, Greenland French Huguenots – missionary attempts to Brazil Dutch Colonists – church planting in Indonesia New England Experiment John Elliot (1631) Missionary to Algonkian Indians; published a catechism in their language and translated the Bible, the firstBible to be printed in North America. David Brainerd (1718- 1747) Missionary to Senecca & DelawareIndians. His legacy was not his strategy, but his heart for Godand a intense desire for Indians to know Christ.

14. Missionary Endeavors Church Efforts 1792 – The Baptist Missionary Society – Sent William Carey & theSerampore Trio to India, Carey, Joshua Marshman, & William Ward 1795 – London Missionary Society – David Livingstone (1813-1873), Smoke of a 1000 villages, 3 C’s: Christianity, Commerce, & Civilization, Explorer & Abolitionists England 1799 – Church Missionary Society – Evangelical Anglican Church sent Henry Martyn to India & Persia – translation work 1810 – American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions – formed by Congregationalists and Presbyterians, Haystack Revival American 1814 – Baptist Missionary Board – Adoniram Judson, Burma 1861 – Southern Presb. Church – John Latin Wilson – Congo/Zaire 1824 – Thomas Chalmers – St Andrews 7 Scotland 1847 – Reformed Church of Scotland – John G. Paton, New Hebrides

15. Missionary Endeavors Faith Missions 1865 - China Inland Mission, Hudson Taylor 1867 – 1951 – Amy Carmichael - India

16. Baptist Deacon- “Sit down, young man.When it pleases the Lord to convert theheathen, he will do it without your helpor mine.” William Carey (1761-1834) The Father of Modern Missions Born in England, was a shoemaker who was converted around 17 years old Later becomes a pastor and serves in 2 churches Carey developed a deep sense of duty to take the gospel overseas 5 Common Objections Carey had to refute about Missions Enquiry into the Obligation of Christians to Use Meansfor the Conversion of the Heathen (1792) Obj. #1 – No Duty to Go Obj. #2 – Too Far to Go Obj. #3 – What Are We Going to Eat Obj. #4 – Savages Will Kill Us Obj. #5 – Language Barrier Too Great Carey joined with 12 other pastors to form a Missionary Society. Carey will leave with his wife for India. Dorothy Carey does not want to go,she will have a nervous break down and go insane before dying. She willdie in India

17. Serampore Covenant 1. To set an infinite value on men’s souls. 2. To acquaint ourselves with the snares which hold the minds of the people. 3. To abstain from whatever deepens India’s prejudice against the gospel. 4. To watch for every chance of doing the people good. 5. To preach “Christ crucified” as the grand means of conversions. 6. To esteem and treat Indians always as our equals. 7. To guard and build up “the hosts that may be gathered.” 8. To cultivate their spiritual gifts, ever pressing upon them their missionaryobligation, since Indians only can win India for Christ. 9. To labor unceasingly in biblical translation. 10. To be instant in the nurture of personal religion. 11. To give ourselves without reserve to the Cause, “not counting even the clothes we wear our own.”

18. Observations • Don’t Despise Youth. • Study one’s culture and be attuned for opportunityto serve Christ. • Euro-American Christianity transitions to aWorld Christianity.