1 / 49

European Foreign Policy

European Foreign Policy. Quo Vadis, Europa? Eugeniusz Smolar The Polish Institute of International Affairs. European Foreign Policy. Foreign Policy OPPORTUNITIES !!! To further EU’s interests and objectives To strengthen EU’s role in the world To limit the uncertainties

gerald
Download Presentation

European Foreign Policy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. European Foreign Policy Quo Vadis, Europa? Eugeniusz Smolar The Polish Institute of International Affairs

  2. European Foreign Policy Foreign Policy OPPORTUNITIES !!! • To further EU’s interests and objectives • To strengthen EU’s role in the world • To limit the uncertainties in international relations

  3. European Foreign Policy CHALLENGES! A task difficult to implement • 27, 28, … sovereign Member States • Consequences of the Lisbon Treaty • Threats, problems, responsibilities

  4. European Foreign Policy and on top of it all… • Present economic andfinancial crisis !!! Спаситенашедуши…

  5. European Foreign Policy 27, 28, … and more sovereign Member States • Large and small with: • different history and political traditions, • different foreign relations and… • different 27 geopolitics. • Can the European Union have commonforeignpolicy? look at the map…

  6. European Foreign Policy THE OBJECTIVE: To make Europe „Whole, free and at peace”… The consequences of enlargement 6 – 7 – 12 – 15 – 27… and growing 

  7. European Foreign Policy

  8. European Foreign Policy

  9. European Foreign Policy

  10. European Foreign Policy

  11. European Foreign Policy Candidate Countries: • Croatia – 2013 • The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia • Turkey (?) In the future: other countries of Western Balkans? WHO ELSE? Who knows??? 

  12. European Foreign Policy The enlargement became the most successful foreign policy tool of growing European Union. • Broadening the area of peace, stability and economic affluence • Exporting democratic values and benefits of free and open market

  13. European Foreign Policy Lisbon Treaty – BIG Change! • One amended treaty and not many treaties • OFFICIAL DESCRIPTION OF INTENIONS: „It is designed to make the EU more democratic, efficient and transparent, and thereby able to tackle global challenges such as security, climate change and sustainable development”. • More efficient, also in Union’s relations with the world

  14. European Foreign Policy IN FOREIGN AFFAIRS • The EU became a legal entity with capability and competences towards all external actors: • Other states or groups of states; • International organisations: United Nations, NATO, OSCE, Council of Europe, IMF, G8 or G20, etc.

  15. European Foreign Policy • Creation of the post of High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy • Catherine Ashton, High Representative, as Vice-President of the European Commission, ensures the consistency and coordination of the EU external action. • The High Representative is assisted by the European External Action Service (EEAS) – new diplomatic service.

  16. European Foreign Policy THE COUNCIL THE COMMISSION THE PARLIAMENT HIGH REPRESENTATIVE{ THE BUDGET } EUROPEAN EXTERNAL ACTION SERVICE

  17. European Foreign Policy WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE?ЧТО ДЕЛАТЬ??? Old and new threats known in a diplomatic language as challenges • Instability in the Balkans • Afghanistan • Iran • Broader Middle East • Neighbourhood in the South – the Arab Spring • Neighbourhood in the East

  18. European Foreign Policy • BIG WORRY: Energy security including our friend Further economic development and competitiveness depends on it.

  19. European Foreign Policy • International organised crime • Cyber attacks • Piracy • Terrorism

  20. European Foreign Policy TO DEAL WITH ALL THOSE „CHALLENGES” we have Member State’s • Central and local administration • Police • Security services • Armies • Money • Diplomacies

  21. European Foreign Policy Coordination capacities of the EU Now we have the European diplomacy WORK IN PROGRESS 1 year-old baby Natural tensions: • With the interests and diplomacies of SOVEREIGNMember States • Particularly of big and active Member States – Germany, France, United Kingdom

  22. European Foreign Policy The task is to: • Integrate agreed policies at the EU level into: • European Foreign and Security Policy • Common Security and Defence Policy • Trade through norms and regulations, access to the biggest market in the world (some 450 million consumers) • International aid • Visa-free travel and controlled immigration • Measures against and soft and hard security threats

  23. European Foreign Policy The task: • Create EU and services institutions and assure mechanisms of integration with: • Member States’ policies, institutions and services • International bodies and organisations • There is a new relationship between domestic issues, economic development, social stability and foreign policy, f.ex. immigration. Look at Greece, Portugal, Spain, Italy or France now.

  24. European Foreign Policy We have to be prepared as we all learned to expect the unexpected • Wars • Revolutions • Terrorist attacks • Energy flow stoppage and we know that… shit happens!

  25. European Foreign Policy Our closest friends, THE AMERICANS should better tell us about THEIRplans.

  26. European Foreign Policy It would also help if we would know his plans…

  27. European Foreign Policy Or their plans…

  28. European Foreign Policy RUSSIA – EU’s NEIGHBOUR AND PARTNER • Russia’s foreign and defence policy • Difficult relations with the EU, NATO and the U.S. • Energy  Self-evident • Trade  WTO membership important • EU – Russia Neighbourhood • NATO – Russia  Neighbourhood – Enlargement? • US – Russia  Missile Defence, neighbourhood

  29. European Foreign Policy • Problematic relations with the sovereign states in our common neighbourhood

  30. European Foreign Policy • WHY NATO when we discuss the EU? • European membership of the EU and NATO

  31. European Foreign Policy Difficulties with formulation of: EFSP– European Foreign and Security Policy & CSDP – Common Security and Defence Policy

  32. European Foreign Policy THE REASONS • Generation change – a war in Europe??? Abstract concept after 65 years of peace • Lack of strategic thinking and political will • Diverse interests and traditions of MS • The EU has interests but can hardly have common GEOPOLITICS

  33. European Foreign Policy A particular challenge: TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONS • NATO is the main mechanism of discussing security and negotiating possible actions; • Majority of EU members wish to strengthen EFSP & CSDP, but without weakening NATO; • Many MS do not wish to see the EU as an actor engaging in hard security. • THE EU HAVE BEEN REGARDED AS A ‘SOFT SECURITY’ ACTOR

  34. European Foreign Policy What has changed lately? • Clear weakness of the European defence capabilities. • The Europeans together have bigger army than the US but can effectively use less than 1/3. • To many relics of the Cold War strategies: armament and deployments. • Cuts in defence spending. • There are „challenges” and instabilities but no threat of a major war in Europe. • Expeditionary/defence capabilities are now needed.

  35. European Foreign Policy THREATS ARE NOW COMING FROM DISTAND LANDS There are no illusions that just ”soft power” will persuade those guys to occupy themselves with something peaceful…

  36. European Foreign Policy MAKE LOVE NOT WAR

  37. European Foreign Policy There were 22 EU missions abroad since the 90th: • Military: Bosnia, Chad, off the Somali coast, completed – in Macedonia and two in the Democratic Republic of Congo. • Paramilitary:to reform the security sector in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Guinea-Bissau, completed in the Sudanese region of Darfur.

  38. European Foreign Policy EU missions abroad… • Civilian: mainly policing operations, in Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Bosnia, Kosovo, Macedonia, and Palestine. • EU civilian observers have also been stationed in Georgia since the war of August 2008, as well as at the Rafah border crossing in the Palestinian Gaza Strip.

  39. European Foreign Policy EU Missions Objectives: • To save lives (stop the civil war) • To mediate in international conflicts • To assure stability and help with the reconstruction • Nation-building in weak states • EU International Aid – effective tool of EU foreign policy

  40. European Foreign Policy THE CASE OF LIBYA • Not EU operation! • French-British led with international support

  41. European Foreign Policy • Britain did not want EU involvement, always investing into the future of NATO; • France did not want NATO and was persuaded by Obama to accept it; • Germany (and Poland) decided to go on holidays… Common approach at its best???

  42. European Foreign Policy LIBYA IS NOT A GAME-CHANGER • It is a ‘coalition of the willing’ with France and the UK in the driving seat • The US really took a back-seat (a shock to many) • The EU will remain a „soft power” power, like in Tunisia, Egypt or mediating in the Israeli – Palestinian conflict

  43. European Foreign Policy • The participants in Libya campaign realised their relative weakness – limited capabilities • Will Europe do something about it??? • Probably YES but not as the EU for years to come.

  44. European Foreign Policy There could be no such animal… determined British gentlemen

  45. European Foreign Policy • There is and… there is no European Foreign and Security Policy at the moment, but we are working on it. • We have • Experiences • Institutional structure • Political will follows the needs crisis always helps

  46. European Foreign Policy Immediate challenge: the Neighbourhood South and East How to change THREATSinto shared OPPORTUNITIES

  47. European Foreign Policy • From diverse interests, lack of trust and mutual recriminations to collective responsibility. • We do not pretend to be able to take responsibility for global security. • But we all have to contribute to global security and development.

  48. European Foreign Policy We could build such policy with you Russia might even join the EU You are welcome! Thank you for your attention

More Related