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PERCEPTION

PERCEPTION. The organization and interpretation of our senses. McGurk Effect- another example of sensory interaction (like tasting the jelly bean the other day) if we see one syllable while hearing another we perceive a third different syllable.

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PERCEPTION

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  1. PERCEPTION The organization and interpretation of our senses

  2. McGurk Effect-anotherexample of sensory interaction (like tasting the jelly bean the other day) ifwe see one syllable while hearing another we perceive a third different syllable

  3. The famous "Stroop Effect" is named after J. Ridley Stroop who discovered this strange phenomenon in the 1930s. The words themselves have a strong influence over your ability to say the color. The interference between the different information (what the words say and the color of the words) your brain receives causes a problem. There are two theories that may explain the Stroop effect: • Speed of Processing Theory: the interference occurs because words are read faster than colors are named. • Selective Attention Theory: the interference occurs because naming colors requires more attention than reading words.

  4. Gestalt • An organized whole • When we see things, we look at the big picture, rather than all of the small parts

  5. Grouping • A gestalt principle of perceptual organization that says we tend to group stimuli into coherent groups

  6. Figure-Ground • Some objects seem prominent, while others recede into the background

  7. Continuity • Perceiving smooth and continuous forms

  8. Proximity • When objects, sounds or people are close together we perceive them as a whole

  9. Similarity • Grouping objects based on their sameness

  10. Closure • Closing up or completing figures that are not, in fact, complete

  11. Visual Cues • Monocular Cues - Depth cues available to either eye alone • Binocular Cues – Depth cues that DEPEND on the use of both eyes. • Example-Retinal Disparity-the finger sausage • Depth perception partially innate. • Gibson-The Virtual Cliff

  12. Relative Size • If two figures are perceived as equal in size, the one that casts the small image on the retina is perceived as farther away

  13. Interposition • If one figure appears to overlap or obscure another figure, it is perceived to be in front

  14. Relative Clarity/BrightnessLight and Shadow • Brighter objects appear closer than dimmer objects

  15. Aerial Perspective • Atmospheric conditions affect perception of distance. Clearer objects seem closer.

  16. Linear Perspective • Parallel lines appear to converge as the move farther into the distance

  17. Relative Height • Objects higher in our field of vision are seen as being farther away than lower objects

  18. Ambiguous Figures • Figures that can be interpreted as two or more different images

  19. Illusions • Our left hemispheres attempt to organize the information that we see. • Sometimes it’s difficult • Why do we see what we see? • Our expectations and experiences influence perceptions

  20. Perception • Allows us to create meaning out of sensations • Why aren’t all of our perceptions the same? • They are impacted by our sensory systems, experiences and expectations

  21. Perceptual Set • A bias we have regarding perception • A readiness to perceive something in a specific way- a mental predisposition to PERCEIVE one thing or another (ex: kindergarten story/Loch Ness monster) • Challenge #7 reading the sentences (ex: Paris in the the Spring) you miss it because you don’t expect it!)

  22. Perceptual Adaptation • Remember the goggles?? • There does seem to be a critical period to certain aspects of vision. Examples: processing whole faces/perceptual constancy

  23. Synaesthesia • Mingling of senses • Example: Hearing a musical note prompting someone to see in color • Tasting spoken words. Ex: hearing the word table produces the taste of apricots

  24. What do you see?

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