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Adaptive Dimension. “Diversity has become the norm among the students in the classrooms of today” (Johnson, 1990). Languages Families Cultural backgrounds Economics Experiential background. Student Diversity. Aptitude Achievement Interest Motivation Needs Ability.
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“Diversity has become the norm among the students in the classrooms of today” (Johnson, 1990) • Languages • Families • Cultural backgrounds • Economics • Experiential background
Student Diversity • Aptitude • Achievement • Interest • Motivation • Needs • Ability
Traditional Major focus on content Content acquisition Lock step progress Evolving Content & process balance Learning to learn Continuous progress Paradigm Shift in Education:Curriculum
Traditional Teacher-centred Single textbook Single instructional approach Passive learning Evolving Child-centred Resource-based learning Multiple approaches to instruction Active learning Instruction
Traditional Competitive System level management Supervision of learners Hierarchical structures Evolving Cooperative School-site management Empowerment of learners Professional/collegial structures Environment
Students need to become … • Independent • Active • Self-organizing • Responsible • Empowered
Adaptive Dimension “The concept of making adjustments in approved educational programs to accommodate diversity in student learning”
Key Points • Point of reference is always the approved curriculum • Foundational objectives are NOT modified • Adaptations are made so that the objectives can be achieved • Enrich, Extend, Reinforce
Principles of the Adaptive Dimension • Designed for all students • Student diversity a key consideration in planning • Assess, plan, and facilitate appropriate learning experiences for all students • Recognizes that students approach learning in multiple ways
Variables to be adapted • Curriculum- as a guide, resource based learning, theming • Instruction-variety of instructional approaches • Learning environment-small groups, individual, space, time
Adaptations in … • Content • Process • Product
Multiple texts Varied time Contracts Compacting Group investigation Content
Differentiated Classroom: What is it? “It is a classroom that provides different avenues to acquiring content, to processing or making sense of ideas, and to developing products so that each student can learn effectively.” Carol Ann Tomlinson
Tiered Learning centers Multiple intelligences Graphic organizers Simulations Learning logs Process
“Differentiated instruction means shaking up what goes on in the classroom so that students have multiple options for taking in information, making sense of ideas, and expressing what they learn.” Carol Ann Tomlinson
Tiered product Independent study Community–based projects Multiple intelligence-based orientations Presentations Arts Multimedia Product
“Differentiated instruction is not a strategy to be used from time to time, not a bag of tricks approach. It’s a way of thinking about teaching and learning.” ~ Carol Ann Tomlinson~
Routes to a Differentiated Classroom • Readiness – varied texts, tiered tasks, flexible time, small group, compacting • Interest – student choice, interest groups, independent study • Learning Profile – organizers, multiple intelligences
Select a few low-prep strategies • Group work • Flexible groups • Varied materials • Open-ended activities • Jigsaw • Interest explorations • Questioning techniques
Add one high-prep per term • Learning contracts • Varying organizers • Tiered activities • Literature circles • Learning stations • Choice boards • Problem-based learning
Robert Marzano • Nine instructional strategies • Based on research to increase student achievement • Help students of all ages and learning levels to achieve more in a wide variety of subjects
Similarities & Differences • Comparing • Classifying • Metaphors • Analogies
Note-taking • Strategies • Student outlines • Webbing • Combination notes
Non-linguistic Representations • Graphic organizers • Physical models • Manipulatives • Drawing
A New Direction “Teachers guide students down many paths to a common destination” Mary Anne Hess
“If children can’t learn the way we teach, we should teach them the way they learn.”