Imperialism (1870-1918): America becomes a world power

1. Imperialism (1870-1918): America becomes a world power • Imperialism- foreign policy of powerful countries seeking to control weaker countries or regions economically, socially and/or politically • ForeignPolicy- actions that a country takes when dealing with other nations. U.S. had a tradition of ISOLATIONISM (not being involved)

2. Reasons for Imperialism Economic Reasons a. New Markets for trade - Take over other countries and force them to buy our products

3. Social Reasons Social Darwinism- we are the fittest and have the right to take over others “White Man’s Burden”- its our “responsibility” to spread our culture to savage natives

4. 3. Political Reasons a. Make the U.S. a world power

5. Put military bases around world to protect our trade ships and possessions • Increase the size of our navy • Alfred Mahan’s Importance • of Sea Power Upon History – book • about taking over land to use as • Naval bases

6. 3. Spanish-American War • a. Causes • Yellow-Journalism and sinking of U.S.S. Maine • “A Splendid Little War”- U.S. wins quickly, Roosevelt and • the Rough Riders are heroes • Results • U.S. takes control over Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico and Cuba • U.S. is recognized as a WORLD POWER • Anti-Imperialists are unhappy that the U.S. is taking over other countries

7. Presidents of Imperialism • William McKinley (1897-1901) • a. Annexes Hawaii • b. Makes decision to keep territories gained after the Spanish-American war • Teddy Roosevelt (1901-1908) • a. Big Stick Policy (Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine)- U.S. will be a police power in the Western Hemisphere and is allowed to interfere in Latin-America to protect US interests

9. b. Panama Canal • Roosevelt interferes with a rebellion in Panama and helps it succeed • He then makes deal with the new country of Panama to build the canal • Important for trade and military

10. b. Panama Canal • Roosevelt interferes with a rebellion in Panama and helps it succeed • He then makes deal with the new country of Panama to build the canal • Important for trade and military

12. How did the Panama Canal further America’s status as a world power? Why was the building of the canal an example of the “Big Stick” policy?

13. The Gilded Age and The Progressive Era

14. Progressive Era (1900-1920)-Time period in the United States in which the government and the people attempted to REFORM political, social and economic problems in America. • Reform- correct what is wrong • Government begins to move away from laissez faire and towards regulation of business

15. Origins of the Progressive Era • 1. Many reforms led by middle-class city dwellers who had political power and influence 2. Reform began at the State and local levels 3. Some early reform movements include: Settlement Houses [Jane Addams], Reform of city governments, Helping the poor, Women’s Suffrage, the Populist Party: • The Populists were a third party made up of farmers and factory workers whose goals included: • Eight hour workday > End child labor > regulate railroads • Graduated income tax • Many of their goals become laws during the Progressive Era

16. II. Political Reform during the Progressive Era • Reformers tried to: • End corruption in government (Civil Service tests- end the spoils system • Increase influence in government by everyday citizens (Primary, Initiative, Referendum, Recall) • 17th Amendment- direct election of U.S. senators by the people • 19th Amendment- Women’s Suffrage (right to vote) • Alice Paul- important leader for Women’s Suffrage. Helped found the National Women’s Party (NWP)

17. Social Reforms during the Progressive Era • Settlement Houses (Hull House and Henry Street Settlement) • Temperance= PROHIBITION (18th Amendment) • Muckrakers- journalists who exposed problems of society to raise awareness and make a change • Upton Sinclair- The Jungle Exposes unsanitary meat packing • Laws passed: Meat Inspection Act, FDA • Jacob Riis- How the Other Half Lives: Poor tenement neighborhoods • Laws:Tenement House Act c. Ida Tarbell- History of the Standard Oil Corporation: Greed of Rockefeller Laws: Sherman and Clayton Anti-trust act d. Thomas Nast- drew political cartoons to expose Boss Tweed Laws: Civil Service tests

18. IV. Economic Reforms during the Progressive Era • Sherman Anti-Trust act and Clayton Anti-Trust act- regulated big businesses, trusts and monopolies Progressive Era Amendments Remember…

19. The End of the Progressive Era 1. U.S. involvement in World War I (1914-1918) changed the government and the peoples focus away from progressive reforms