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THE NEW NATION

THE NEW NATION. Washington's Presidency. THE "FOUNDING" PERIOD. WASHINGTON TAKES OFFICE. WHAT WHAT CHALLENGES ARE THE NEW NATION FACING?. Think what led to the following "Founding Moments": Declaration of Independence Constitution. WHAT ARE CHALLENGES FACING THE NEW NATION?.

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THE NEW NATION

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  1. THE NEW NATION • Washington's Presidency

  2. THE "FOUNDING" PERIOD

  3. WASHINGTON TAKES OFFICE

  4. WHAT WHAT CHALLENGES ARE THE NEW NATION FACING? • Think what led to the following "Founding Moments": • Declaration of Independence • Constitution

  5. WHAT ARE CHALLENGES FACING THE NEW NATION?

  6. WHAT ARE CHALLENGES FACING THE NEW NATION? • Debt from Revolutionary War • New Nation with no experiencing governing • Building relations with foreign countries/Alliances • Building an army • How to best represent the people (who can vote?) • Slavery • Washington could not single-handedly run the country - needed help from experts & supervisors • Forts with British soldiers at them • Spanish & French in the US • Expansion west of the Appalachian Mountains • Trouble with Native Americans • Balance of power • State vs. federal power • 3 branches of government • Enforcing laws - avoiding dictatorship • Efficiency • Maintains ideas of the Declaration • Unify the states • Trust • Being prepared for the future • Equality

  7. CABINET • Constitution states that the preside

  8. THE CABINET TODAYhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/cabinet

  9. DEBT OWED BY THE NEW NATION

  10. HAMILTON'S FINANCIAL PLAN • Federal government would assume state debts • The United States would pay back loans with interest • Protectivetariff on imports produced in Europe to encourage American industries. • Excise tax on whiskey (tax on a luxury good) • There would be a National Bank which would issue paper money, issue tax receipts and hold the governments money.

  11. RESPONSE TO THE ASSUMPTION OF STATE DEBTS • “Consolidation”….conveyed the political fear, so potent among that Antifederalist critics of the constitutional settlement of 1788, that the states would be absorbed by the new federal government. It echoed the ideological fear, so effective as a weapon against the taxes imposed by Parliament and George III that…all liberty was lost. And at a primal level it suggested the unconscious fear of being swallowed up by a larger creature…eaten alive.

  12. COMPROMISE

  13. PROTECTIVE TARIFF • http://www.nps.gov/pagr/historyculture/index.htm

  14. WHY SHOULD THE US PAY BACK LOANS WITH INTEREST?

  15. WHISKEY REBELLION: FEDERAL POWER Washington sent in troops to enforce the law PA farmers refused to pay the tax, threatened to secede from the Union

  16. NATIONAL BANK • Sets off debate about how the constitution should be interpreted • "Strict" interpretation • "Loose" interpretation Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18 "Congress has the power...to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers"

  17. ARE POLITICAL PARTIES NECESSARY? • Why did Washington warn against the formation of political parties? • What was the nature of politics parties in the late 1800s early. 1900s?

  18. French Revolution Stirs America • French Revolution begins (1789)  Reign of Terror  Napoleon • Democratic-Republicans favor France • Federalists favor Britain

  19. French Revolution Stirs America • Washington declares neutrality (1793)

  20. Embroilments with Britain

  21. Treaties • Jay Treaty w/ Britain (1794-1795) • Britain granted some concessions Burning In Effigy

  22. Treaties • Pinckney Treaty w/ Spain (1795) • Established boundaries, right of deposit @ New Orleans

  23. Presidential Transition • Washington’s Farewell Address (1796) • Set trend: Isolation (also two-term tradition)

  24. Presidential Transition • Election of 1796 • Adams wins, Jefferson in as Vice President  eventually to 12th Amendment Election info

  25. Adams’ Presidency • XYZ Affair (1797) • Undeclared naval warfare (1798-1800)

  26. Adams’ Presidency • Alien & Sedition Acts (1798) • Naturalization Act • Sedition Act (used) • Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions  idea of nullification

  27. End of the Era • Federalists lost control of executive and legislative branches in election 0f 1800 • Federalist judges remained in power – chief justice was John Marshall

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