Launching the New Nation

1. Launching the New Nation Washington Heads the New Government Chapter 6 Section 1

2. George Washington At 6�2�, he was almost 1 foot taller than the average man in the 1700s His wife, Martha, inherited her wealth from her deceased husband.

3. George Washington Washington was unanimously elected No one knew exactly what the role of a president would be. He set precedents as he established the procedure to fulfill his responsibilities.

4. Judiciary Act 1789 Washington and Congress set up the federal court system This included a Supreme Court, 2 federal circuit courts and 13 federal district courts Judges for each position were nominated and confirmed.

5. Presidential Cabinet Not mentioned in the Constitution, Washington chose 4 men to assist him. This was one of many precedents he set which every president since has copied.

6. Washington�s Cabinet Sec. Of State � Thomas Jefferson Sec. Of the Treasury � Alexander Hamilton Sec. Of War � Henry Knox Attorney General � Edmund Randolph

7. Thomas Jefferson Jefferson was born to a rich family in Virginia His first memory was being carried on a pillow by a slave He owned slaves and had children with Sally Hemming

8. Alexander Hamilton Hamilton was born in Neves to a poor, single woman She died when he was 10 He worked his way from college to assisting Washington in the Revolutionary War

9. Differences Jefferson believed that the country should be agrarian based Had faith in common man Hamilton believed that the country should be industrial based Had faith in aristocracy

10. Alexander Hamilton Hamilton developed 3 plans for the new country Report on Public Credit National Bank Report on Manufactures

11. Report on Public Credit The report contained all the debt owed by America for the war He wanted all debts paid but some states did not The capital was put near VA to get them to agree

12. National Bank Hamilton pushed for this because the nation would have a place to Deposit money Issue currency Make loans

13. National Bank Opposition said the Constitution did not allow government to do it Hamilton writes report about �implied powers� using the necessary and proper clause. Passes (so does his idea)

14. Report on Manufacture Hamilton wanted to raise tariffs to help emerging New England factory system. Most taxes would be paid by importing Southern and Western farmers This failed to pass

15. Washington D. C. Pierre L�Enfant drew the original plans Andrew Ellicott added to the plan Benjamin Banneker surveyed the land The result was a city of parallel and diagonal streets

16. Political Factions Most Americans in government thought that because we had common goals, political parties would not develop. Many thought they were dangerous

17. Political Factions Differences of opinions, focused mainly on Jefferson and Hamilton, led to both gaining strength as people allied themselves with one or the other

18. Political Factions Hamilton�s followers, Federalists, wanted A strong federal government Industrial base Ties with Britain �betters� leading common men

19. Political Factions Washington advised against 2 things in his Farewell Address 1. involvement with European conflicts 2. political factions Parties continue to evolve

21. Whiskey Rebellion Congress passed a tax on whiskey, made from corn grown by western PA Scots-Irish farmers Hamilton used the situation to flex his muscle, bringing in federal troops.

22. Whiskey Rebellion The rebellion was almost over by the time the militia arrived Republicans said the event was a fabrication to help the Federalists The Federalists blamed the Republican farmers

23. Children School � optional attendance when work at home wasn�t needed Work � chores at home, many worked as adults outside the home Play � strict codes of behavior

24. Launching the New Nation Foreign Affairs Trouble the Nation Chapter 6 Section 2

25. Events in Europe French rebels imprison, and then behead, King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette Gouveneur Morris, minister to France, was astonished at the horrors of the Reign of Terror

26. Events in Europe The Treaty 1778 allied us with France Initially, America backed the French Revolution because of its similarities to their own Revolution. But we did use the guillotine

27. Neutrality Washington declared our neutrality in 1793 Hamilton and Jefferson agreed that involvement in European affairs was to be avoided

28. Edmund Genet Genet came to America to gather support for the revolution By the time he was asked to leave, his faction had lost power in France His involvement split the parties and Jefferson resigns

29. Jay�s Treaty John Jay met with Britain to try to get Britain leave the west and payments for seized ships America did not receive anything in the treaty, but Spain though we had an alliance with them This helps Thomas Pinckney

30. Pinckney�s Treaty Spain gave Thomas Pinckney Right of deposit in New Orleans Settled Florida�s northern border with Spain Made Spain stop supplying the Indians to help them fight colonists

31. Fallen Timbers Under the Treaty of Paris, Britain was suppose to leave the west They did not but they did encourage Indians to attack settlers Little Turtle and the Miami Confederacy defeated American troops in 1790-91

32. Treaty of Greenville At the Battle of Fallen Timbers, in 1792, American forces soundly defeated the Indians Under the treaty, the Indians gave up Ohio for $20,000 down and $10,000 per year This trend continues as Americans move west

33. Election of 1796 Washington announced that he would not run for a 3rd term with the hopes that Republicans would not have time to find a candidate. John Adams, Federalist, ran against Thomas Jefferson, Dem. Rep.

34. Election of 1796