Emerging Technology: Podcasting WRC 2005 Presentation (Videos and audio removed version) Steve Sloan steve.sloan@sjsu sl

1. Emerging Technology: PodcastingWRC 2005 Presentation(Videos and audio removed version)Steve Sloansteve.sloan@sjsu.eduhttp://sloantech.blogspot.com/

2. Podcasting:A topic of great interest • See: • www.mercurynews.com • Itconversations.com • Dangillmor.typepad.com

3. Agenda • What is podcasting? • Emerging Technology (ET) • Define and understand ET • Where podcasting fits into ET • Disruptive Technology • Define and understand podcasting • Podcasting nuts and bolts • How to create a podcast • Podcasting tools • Summary • Benefits of podcasting • Downside of podcasting • Conclusion, credits and conversation

4. Emerging technologies of the past • Portable phones once niche players in telecommunications • Hard to use • Cumbersome • Expensive • Now considered one of the three things everybody has • Wallet/purse • Keys • Portable phone • Continuing to change face of society, this tech is still emerging

5. What is Emerging Technology?What are some emerging technologies? • The adjective emerging has 3 meanings • Coming into view • Coming into existence • Coming to maturity • Internet + Weblogging • The read-write web • Dan Gillmor, “We the media” • User enabling software-hardware • Common computers over 1 billion instructions a second (Super Computers, “Lethal Weapons”) • Media creation applications such as iMovie, iPhoto etc. • Portable devices • OQO, Sony devices, Nokia and “Scoble” phones • Always-on broadband in the home • Cable-DSL • Ubiquitous connectivity, “digital dial tone” • 802.11, Cellular, RSS, (wireless plus download) • See: • www.answers.com • www.bushin30seconds.org

6. Understanding ET“Disruptive Technology” • Sustaining verses emerging “disruptive” technologies • Disruptive, in this case, means products and technologies that disrupt established solutions and markets, but sustain the underlying process • In an educational setting this can be viewed as methods that offer easier, faster, better and/or cheaper ways improving learning outcomes See: The Innovator's Dilemma, Clayton M. Christensen

7. Impact of Disruptive Technologies • At turn of the 20th Century the steam train was the transportation system of choice to meet underlying need to get from place to place • Safe • Comfortable • Fast • Relatively convenient • Internal combustion engine could not compete in core market and developed in niche market

8. Impact of Disruptive Technologies • By end of 20th Century, internal combustion engine has replaced steam engine in what was steam engine’s core market • Steam engine has become niche player • Railroads have declined, focused on freight, and are no longer a predominate mode of long distance travel • Disruptive Emerging Technologies • Change markets, processes and paradigms • Existing paradigms are not secure • Start and develop in niche and often obscure markets

9. Emerging Technology Is:Useable, portable & powerful systems capable of accessing and creating dynamic content in the hands of the public. Video Removed from here to save space: Bush in 30 Seconds (Link)

10. Podcasting and Emerging Technology • Podcasting is a subset of RSS which is a subset of Emerging Technology • Podcasting uses RSS v. 2.0 • Enclosures • Also includes videocasting • XML based • Download based • Not dependent on high bandwidth • Dependant on relatively pervasive connectivity • Technically it is pull technology • Push / pull convergence • Subscription required • Has push characteristics • “Long tail” technology • Infinite number of channels!

11. Podcasting is • Mixing of the words iPod and broadcasting • A web-based broadcast medium • Audio files (most commonly in MP3 format) • Made available online • Software (like iPodder & xPodder) • Automatically detects new files • Based on RSS v 2.0 enclosures • Downloads the files • For listening at the user's convenience • Allows time shifting • See: • www.wikipedia.org

12. Understanding Podcasting • A podcast is like an audio magazine subscription • Subscribe to a feed • Subscriber receives regular audio programs delivered via the Internet • Can listen to them at their leisure • Differ from traditional internet audio in two important ways • They can be listened to at any time because a copy is on the listener's computer or portable music player (hence the "pod" in "podcasting") • Are automatically delivered to subscribers, so no active downloading is required • Podcasting is functionally similar to the use of timeshift-capable digital video recorders (DVRs) • such as TiVo which lets users record and store television programs for later viewing • Push / Pull convergence • See: • www.wikipedia.org

13. Podcasting is not just for audioVideocasting! • See: • Channel9.msdn.com

14. Any file can be in a feed, “x.casting” • See: • www.feedforall.com

15. Podcasting is not just for iPods • See: • www.edupodder.com • www.itconversations.com • www.engadget.com

16. XML code of a podcast • See: • www.edupodder.com

17. Some uses for podcasting in education • For distance learning • To facilitate self-paced learning • For remediation of slower learners • To allow faculty to offer advanced and or highly motivated learners extra content • For helping students with reading and/or other learning disabilities • For multi-lingual education • To provide the ability for educators to feature guest speakers from remote locations • To allow guest speakers the ability to present once to many sections and classes • To allow educators to escape the tedium of lecturing • To offer a richer learning environment • See: • www.edupodder.com

18. How to subscribe to a podcast? • Start with iPodder.org • Have or download a client • Note the number of supported platforms! • Find a podcast • Use the tool • iPodder 2.0 has built in • You can search on-line • Start with ipodder.org (again) • Note categories • Oh, you can always Google! • You can also selectively download using a browser

19. Start with ipodder.org • See: • www.ipodder.org

20. Note supported platforms • See: • www.ipodder.org

21. Download a client • See: • www.ipodder.org

22. Find a feed using the tool iPodder has built in • See: • www.ipodder.org

23. Search on-line at iPodder or use Google • See: • www.ipodder.org

24. You can download a lot of content • See: • www.ipodder.org

25. Podcasts can automatically go into iTunes, then your iPod • See: • www.ipodder.org

26. You can just download the files too, the old fashioned way! • See: • www.itconversations.com

27. How to do a podcast? • Production can be simple or complex, depending on platform and how polished you want the end product to be • Len Pryor has shown several cookbook methods at Engadget • New WYSIWYG web-based tools promise to streamline podcast production • See: • www.engadget.com • www.odeo.com • www.audioblog.com • www.edupodder.com

28. Producing a podcast • There are a lot of options • Use Garageband and iTunes, etc. • Similar Windows programs • On-line options increasingly available • Generating Feed • The XML feed can be generated automatically using tools • Feeder is a middle way of generating the feed • You can copy a feed that validates and change the information in the XML file manually

29. One easy way to create a podcast Eric Rice’s Demo Video (Click Here) • See: • www.audioblog.com

30. Audioblog • See: • www.audioblog.com

31. This is Odeo • See: • www.odeo.com

32. Odeo offers some attractive features • Access Control Lists (ACLs) on the roadmap • Can control who can get access to content • Easy to use user interface • Evan Williams, former co-founder of Pyra Labs • Pyra created “Blogger” • Blogger is now owned by Google • See: • odeo.com • Flickr.com

33. Audioblogger • See: • www.audioblogger.com

34. Feeder:A feed centric approach? • See: • www.reinventedsoftware.com

35. Podcasting kit • See: • www.pwop.com Less than $400!

36. One podcasting kit • High-quality gear that is also compact and affordable • You don't need a computer in order to record your voice • The mic plugs into the preamp. The preamp plugs into the recording device's line input, and the headphones plug into the recording device's headphone jack • Only the preamp requires AC power • Recording device uses a single AA battery which lasts a long time • See: • www.pwop.com

37. Lifeblog • See: • mobile.kaywa.com • www.nokia.com

38. Transparency • By nature RSS is transparent • This can be good or bad • Invites the world into the classroom • Some solutions for this • Use application layer security (SSL/SSH) • Tools like Odeo to feature ACLs • Secure RSS? • Do we adapt to provide more transparency, or do we adapt the tool to provide greater security? • Route around nature of Internet may make it difficult to not be transparent

39. secureRSS? • Does secure RSS exist? • Will secure RSS exist? • If so may enable easy one-to-one podcasting • Digital Rights Management (DRM) an alternative? • Also, application layer security (SSH/SSL) • See: • www.infoage.idg.com.au

40. “When it comes to podcasting, we are all newbies”~Doug Kaye • Tools are making podcasting easier and easier • Podcasting can be done from and to everything from desktop computers to cell phones • The key to podcasting is RSS • Download verses streaming • Low bandwidth tolerant • Podcasts are XML files • Platform and device agnostic • Dependent on capabilities of receiving device • A non-proprietary solution • Extends reach of Internet • Files are local • Works with cell phones • The browser can be taken out of the equation • An entire course can be contained in an RSS 2.0 feed • See: • Itconversations.com

41. Speech to textText to speech • Speech to text hard part • Searchability • Access to hearing impaired • Shares this issue with all content that is speech based • Text to speech huge strength of Podcasting • Can be a channel to supply information to visually impaired

42. Downsides of podcasting(and RSS) • Depends on a relatively pervasive connection to the Internet at some point • Upside, can be via telco • By nature it is transparent • Major changes in faculty/student relationship • Value of human interaction cannot be ignored • What about the student peer relationship? • Amazonization of education • May prove to be a barrier to faculty and/or students who are tech challenged • Lack of searchability • Potential for information overload

43. The future of RSS 2.0 “xcasting” • Tons of new tools! • Secure RSS of some kind • ACL’s • Certificate based? • The feed could provide the initial handshake • Increase in types of content delivered this way • Move beyond audio • The aggregator becomes the browser • As E-mail fails, increase in RSS as a trusted source communication channel • Education specific tools • Challenge to browser based solutions • Speech conversion • More searchability • Better metadata

44. Credits • Special thanks to • Robert Scoble • The Gillmor brothers • Dan • Steve • Doug Kaye • Lenn Pryor

45. Contact info and conversation • SJSU • Steve.sloan@sjsu.edu • (408) 924-2374 • General • Skype/AIM: ssloansjca • Web: www.edupodder.comMain Geek Blog: sloantech.blogspot.com • (408) 605-0692 • S_sloan@mac.com • Conversation • What do you think of podcasting?

46. www.sjsu.edu/cats/2003/showcase/