Lessons Learned from FRMAC Participation in Ingestion Pathway Exercises

1. Lessons Learned from FRMAC Participation in Ingestion Pathway Exercises RaJah Mena Alexis Reed Presented to National Radiological Emergency Preparedness Conference April 22, 2009 This work was done by National Security Technologies, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25946 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Vision • Service • Partnership

2. Topics • Introduction to FRMAC • Kevin Keyes – FEMA Perspective • FRMAC Products and FEMA Objectives • The FRMAC product development process • Data required from State/Licensee • FRMAC Data/Products • Realism in Exercises • Lessons Learned Vision • Service • Partnership

3. Introduction to FRMAC Assist the states in their mission to protect the health and well being of their citizens: • Provide initial prediction based on source term estimate • In conjunction with the National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center • Verify and validate prediction based on ground monitoring data and fixed wing surveys • Comprehensive characterization of environmental and public impacts based on ground monitoring, sampling and analysis, and rotary-wing survey data Vision • Service • Partnership

4. Federal Response • Regardless of the Coordinating Agency • DOE coordinates radiological monitoring and assessment activities for the emergency and intermediate phases • EPA coordinates the intermediate to long-term activities for radiological monitoring and assessment • Advisory Team (EPA, CDC, FDA, USDA) • Provides PARs to the State / Local / Tribal representatives • FRMAC (Multi-Agency) • Coordinates monitoring, analysis, and assessment • Provides data products to the State / Local / Tribal representatives Vision • Service • Partnership

5. Response Times Vision • Service • Partnership

6. Consequence Management Response Team I • Trained responders – 25 • Equipment – 2000 pounds • Operations – 24 hours • Initial capabilities • Assessment • Geographical Information Systems • Health & Safety • Monitoring & Sampling • 5 field teams • Logistics

7. Consequence Management Response Team II • Additional responders – 38 • 24-hour/day operation for several weeks • augmented monitoring, sampling and assessment • Additional equipment – 23,000 lb • 20 field teams • Laboratory Analysis • sample receipt • prepare samples for transport to labs • Training for additional responders

8. AMS Fixed Wing • Beechcraft King Air B-200 • Twin-engine turbo prop • IFR (all weather) rated • 260 knots (300 mph) • Range 1,130 nm (1,300 sm) • Max endurance 5 hrs (without refueling) • Four-person crew • Pilot and co-pilot • Scientist/Health physicist • Technician/Technologist

9. AMS Rotary Wing • Bell-412 • Twin-Pac turbo shaft engine • IFR (all weather) rated • 120 knots (140 mph) • Range 360 nm (410 sm) • Max Endurance 3 hrs (without refueling) • Four-person crew • Scientist • Pilot and co-pilot • Technician/Technologist

10. Kevin Keyes Vision • Service • Partnership

11. FRMAC Assistance and FEMA Objectives • Assistance available for many of the objectives • Objectives test more than utility and state capabilities • Notional play can be beneficial to meet objectives

12. 1. Emergency Operations Management 2. Protective Action Decisionmaking 3. Protective Action Implementation 4. Field Measurement and Analysis 5. Emergency Notification and Public Information 6. Support Operations/Facilities Six Major Criteria

13. 2. Protective Action Decision Making • 2.a.1 Worker Safety • CMHT connection with other federal assets • Dose projections and early data assessment • 2.d.1 Ingestion Pathway Assessment • Nuclide specific models • Via Advisory Team – agricultural advice • Assessment Scientists for radiological assistance • 2.e.1 Relocation, reentry, and return decisions • Map products utilizing models and data • Assessment Scientists to assistance with data • Map products of aerial surveys

14. 3. Protective Action Decision Making • 3.c Implementation of protective action decisions for special populations • Custom map products can be generated with features indicating locations of special population locations • National database can be queried for additional data • Specific local data can be added 3.f.1 Implementation of relocation, reentry, and return decisions • Maps can be generated to assist with route design or sector designation • FRMAC field team members can assist with monitoring requests to assist with reentry of agricultural workers and other persons

15. 4. Field Measurement and Analysis • Criterion covers entire gambit of sampling and measuring • FRMAC can provide • Personnel to support up to 20 field teams • Equipment for those teams • Sample receipt and control • Some field counting • Sample shipment to offsite labs

16. 6. Support Operation/Facilities • 6.b.1 Decontamination and monitoring of personnel and vehicles

17. The FRMAC Development Process • Funnel defined source term information through NARAC • Acquire deposition models for evacuation, relocation, and ingestion PAG maps • Create infrastructure and sample point overlays • Use the NARAC deposition models and specified overlays to create appropriate FRMAC map products • Use underlying deposition data to provide pertinent sample information • Use a flight simulator to produce a sample B200 flyover map Vision • Service • Partnership

18. Data Required from State/Licensee • Reactor activity release rates by nuclide for desired release time intervals • Wind speed, wind direction, and stability class specifications spanning the release time • Latitude/longitude coordinates for sample point locations • Type of sample requested at each location, e.g. water, soil, vegetation, and/or milk Vision • Service • Partnership

19. Data/Products Provided by FRMAC Vision • Service • Partnership

23. Realism in Exercises • The value of “keeping it real” • Evacuation/relocation/ingestion extents • Your options for meshing logistics with reality Vision • Service • Partnership

24. Lessons Learned • During development • Key decision maker attendance at outreach • Restricting attendee list • Appropriate points of contact • Logistics • Technical • Scenario evaluator involvement • Who makes the final call? • Ensure players have no access to data prior to exercise

25. Lessons Learned • During the Exercise • Integration of data provided by FRMAC/State/Licensee • Allowing sufficient product briefing time • Useful to include federal partner insight into ingestion decisions • Time jumps should be used with caution • Room set up to facilitate small group discussions