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Practices and Issues in Defining Place of Usual Residence and Total Population

This work session explores national practices and challenges in defining the place of usual residence and total population, focusing on the treatment of difficult groups such as students, nomads, and refugees. It also discusses the 2000 recommendations and proposes enhancements for the 2010 round.

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Practices and Issues in Defining Place of Usual Residence and Total Population

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  1. ECE Work Session on Population Censuses Geneva, 23-25 November 2004 The place of usual residence and the total population: national practices in the 2000 round and comments on the recommendations Paolo Valente Social and Demographic Statistics Section UN Economic Commission for Europe - Statistical Division

  2. Place of usual residenceGeneral concept and definition In the 2000 recommendations, it is defined as the place where the person “spends most of his/her daily night-rest”

  3. Place of usual residenceDifficult groups A list of “difficult groups” was given, including: - persons who maintain more than one residence - students living in a residence for part of the year and elsewhere during vacations - persons who live away from home during the working week and return at weekends(and other groups...)

  4. Place of usual residenceDifficult groups For these “difficult groups”, the general definition was still valid, with the additional clarification: “For persons with a spouse/partner and/or children, the usual residence should be that at which they spend the majority of the time with their family”

  5. Place of usual residenceDifficult groups Special “difficult group”: nomads, homeless and roofless persons. According to the recommendations, they had to be considered “as usually resident where they are enumerated”

  6. Place of usual residence Results of the ECE questionnaire Large majority of countries reported that they complied with the recommended definition/concept of usual residenceBUTHigh variability in the treatment of “difficult groups”

  7. Place of usual residence Treatment of “difficult groups” For instance:Students: in half of the countries counted at college, in half of the countries counted at homePersons who left the place/country temporarily: some countries set maximum length of the absence (3 or 6 months), other have no limitIn general: inconsistent application of the recommendation on “priority to family place”

  8. Place of usual residence Double and undercounting problems For many of the “difficult groups”, countries reported double and undercounting problemsDouble counting reported for: - students (counted at college and at home) - persons with multiple residences - persons in institutions - children of divorced parents

  9. Place of usual residence Double and undercounting problems Undercounting reported for: - young and mobile persons (in particular people living alone and males) - persons temporarily absent - immigrants (especially recent and illegal) - homeless

  10. Place of usual residence 2010 recommendations (1/2) Keep the same concept of usual residence (the place where most of the night rest is spent) and better define the “time frame”. Ex.: “the place where the person spent most of the nights [or most of the time] in the last year”

  11. Place of usual residence 2010 recommendations (2/2) For “difficult groups”: 1) revise list of groups2) define clearer rules for each group3) discuss the “priority to family place”Specific instructions for countries using registers?

  12. Total population Many different concepts of total population can be defined and used for various purposes.For censuses, the two most common concepts are:1) the total usually resident population 2) the total present population

  13. Total populationDefinition in 2000 recommendations The 2000 recommendations were based on “total usually resident population” Persons had to be counted at their place of usual residence, or the information had to be “transferred” to their place of usual residence

  14. Total population Definition in 2000 recommendations List of special groups to be included in the total usually resident population:- nomads- various categories of persons temporarily absent- refugees- homelessand others...

  15. Total population Definition in 2000 recommendations List of special groups NOT to be included in the total usually resident population:- various categories of foreigners temporarily present in the country- asylum seekers

  16. Total population Results of the ECE questionnaire Large majority of countries reported that they complied with the recommended concept of total usually resident populationThree countries took a “de facto” census

  17. Total population Results of the ECE questionnaire BUT: Problems with “special groups”- Nomads WERE NOT included in 18 countries- Refugees WERE NOT included in 14 countries- Asylum seekers WERE included in 22 countries

  18. Total population 2010 recommendations Maintain the same concept of total usually resident population, but try to better harmonize the treatment of various special groups:- refugees- nomads- asylum seekers- undocumented immigrants? (not mentioned in the 2000 rec.) - students studying abroad? (pres. by Eurostat)

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