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Rise of Holy Roman Empire: Medieval Europe Characteristics

Learn about the political, social, and economic dynamics of Medieval Europe, from the rise of the Holy Roman Empire to feudalism and manorialism. Understand the roles of nobles, serfs, clergy, and the Church in this intriguing historical period.

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Rise of Holy Roman Empire: Medieval Europe Characteristics

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  1. What were the political and Social Characteristics of Medieval Europe? Global History & Geography / Br. Siraj 10th Grade Boys/Girls Date: January 6, 2020

  2. Rise of the Holy Roman Empire • Started by the Franks • One of the many Germanic Tribes. • Controlled the Gaul [France] • Clovis became 1st Christian ruler of the Franks • Battle of Tours in 732 gave them prominence • They [under Charles Martel] defeated the Muslim army advancing from Spain to France • Charlemagne built a big empire stretching modern France, Germany & Italy GH&G/Br. Siraj

  3. Holy Roman Empire • Pope Leo III asked Charlemagne's help against rebellious Nobles of Rome • Charlemagne defeated the nobles and restored Pope’s authority. • In the year 800 C.E. Pope crowned Charlemagne as the “Emperor of the Romans.” • His empire came to be known as the Holy Roman Empire GH&G/Br. Siraj

  4. Characteristics of Charlemagne’s Empire • Government • Appointed nobles to rule local land • To control the nobles he appointed missi dominicci • Learning • Set up schools to ensure the education of the government officials • Libraries were set up where scholars copied ancient texts • His empire broke up after his death GH&G/Br. Siraj

  5. Medieval Society • After the fall of Charlemagne Europe once again did not have any central government • European society became structured • Everyone was born in a social class with defined role and no social mobility • There were two main social classes: • Nobles: Kings, queens, greater lords, lesser lords and knights. Elite class controlled land and power • Serfs: Landless peasants who served the nobles & worked in their land • Clergy was respected GH&G/Br. Siraj

  6. Homework • Question 1 on page 290 and questions 1, 4, and 6 on page 296 GH&G/Br. Siraj

  7. What Were the Political, Economic & Religious Characteristics Medieval Feudal Europe? Global History & Geography Br. Siraj Monday, January 6, 2020 GH&G/Br. Siraj

  8. Feudalism • Political & Social system that developed after the fall of Roman Empire • Insecurity from outside invasion caused this system to develop • It was a loosely structured political system in which powerful Lords owned large sections of land which was divided into fiefs • Fiefs were given to lesser lords (vassals) in return for their military service and loyalty – Vassalage • Knights had to follow a code called chivalry which required them to be brave, loyal and true to their word and to protect women. GH&G/Br. Siraj

  9. European Feudal Structure Nobility Gives Fief- Landed Estate Provides Loyalty and Military service GH&G/Br. Siraj

  10. Role of Noble Women • Active role in feudal society. • The Lady was in charge of the house & estate of the Lord in his absence • Managed the estate and servants • Raised children GH&G/Br. Siraj

  11. Manorialism – Economic System of Medieval Era • Manorialism – an economic system that was structured around the Lord’s manor. • A manor included one or more villages that had the lord’s castle, serfs’ houses, a church, the lord’s fields, serfs’ field • Each group had a place in the society and certain rights and responsibilities • Serfs had a very harsh life. They were bound to the land GH&G/Br. Siraj

  12. Religion in Medieval Europe • There were two distinct Christian Churches: Roman Catholic in the west and Orthodox in the East. • Roman catholic Church played the most stabilizing force in the West. • Church Provided both religious and secular leadership GH&G/Br. Siraj

  13. Church Hierarchy • Pope: Spiritual representative of Jesus Christ on Earth • Archbishops • Bishops • Local priests GH&G/Br. Siraj

  14. Spiritual Role of the church • Local priests provided comfort and instructed in the faith during troubled times • Taught that in order to get salvation people have to have faith in Jesus, do good deeds, and participate in sacraments. GH&G/Br. Siraj

  15. Secular Role of the Church • Economic Power • Church was the largest landholder in medieval Europe • Church also gained wealth by collecting tithe • Political Power • Canon laws and own system of justice • Claimed authority over secular rulers • Popes used excommunication to control the rulers GH&G/Br. Siraj

  16. Homework • Questions 1, 2, 4, 5, & 7 on page 322 GH&G/Br. Siraj

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