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THE KNEE JOINT

THE KNEE JOINT. Muscles That Act On The Knee. Muscles of the Knee Joint. Hamstrings All - flexion Quadriceps All - extension Unclassified Sartorius - flexion and internal rotation Gracilis - flexion and internal rotation Popliteus - flexion (unlocking) and internal rotation

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THE KNEE JOINT

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  1. THE KNEE JOINT Muscles That Act On The Knee

  2. Muscles of the Knee Joint • Hamstrings • All - flexion • Quadriceps • All - extension • Unclassified • Sartorius - flexion and internal rotation • Gracilis - flexion and internal rotation • Popliteus - flexion (unlocking) and internal rotation • Gastrocnemius - flexion

  3. Anterior Muscles • Quadriceps • knee extension

  4. Quadriceps Muscles

  5. Rectus femoris • Two joint muscle; most superficial • Origin: anterior-inferior iliac spine of the ilium • Insertion: top of the patella and patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity • Actions: • Extension of the knee

  6. Vastus lateralis • Origin: Lateral lip of linea aspera. • Insertion: Outer half of the upper border of the patella and the patellar ligament and the anterior tuberoscity of the tibia • Action: • Extension of the knee

  7. Vastus intermedius • Origin: Upper 2/3 of the anterior surface of the femur • Insertion: Upper border of the patella and the patellar ligament • Action: • Extension of the knee

  8. Vastus medialis • Origin: Medial lip of the linea aspera and the internal condyloid ridge • Insertion: Inner half of the upper border of the patella nd patellar ligament • Action: • Extension of the knee

  9. VL RF VM VL RF VM

  10. 1 3 2 Hamstrings Quadriceps • Vastus Lateralis • Vastus Intermedius • Rectus Femoris • Vastus Medialis

  11. QUADRICEPS MUSCLES • Vertical jumping • Decelerating or eccentric contraction during landing or changing directions • As a group, they are typically 25-30% stronger than the hamstrings

  12. Posterior Knee Muscles

  13. Hamstrings • knee flexion

  14. Biceps femoris • Lateral side • Origin: • 1.) Long head - ischial tuberosity; • 2.) Short head - lower half of the linea aspera • Insertion: Head of the fibula • Action: • Flexion of knee

  15. Semitendinosus • Medial side; superficial • Origin: Ischial tuberosity • Insertion: Anterior medial surface of the tibia • Action: • Flexion of the knee

  16. Semimembranosus • Medial side, deeper than semitendonosus • Origin: Ischial tuberosity • Insertion: Anterior medial surface of the tibia • Action: • Flexion of the knee

  17. HAMSTRING MUSCLES • More “knee flexors” than “hip extenders” • Acceleration muscles during running • Tight hamstring muscles can contribute to lower back, hip and knee problems

  18. Gracilis • O: Pubis crest • I: Anterior medial surface of the tibia • Actions: • flexion at the knee

  19. Sartorius • Posterior at the knee joint • Origin: Anterior-superior spine of the ilium • Insertion: Anterior medial surface of the tibia • Action: • Flexion at the knee • From Late Latin sartor, tailor (from its producing the cross-legged position of a tailor at work)

  20. Popliteus • Origin: Lateral condyle of the femur • Insertion: Proximal third of posterior aspect of the tibia • Action: • Flexion of the knee • It "unlocks" the knee. • Only true knee flexor

  21. Gastrocnemius • Origin: posterior surface of the medial and lateral femoral condyles • Insertion: the calcaneus through the Achilles tendon • Actions: • Flexion of the knee Posterior

  22. Review • Superficial Leg Muscles

  23. Name the muscle and its action(s) Sartorius Action: Flexion at the knee

  24. Q Angle Valgus Varus The deviation between the line of pull of the rectus femoris and the patellar ligament. Stress to lateral side of the knee Stress to the medial side of the knee Terms

  25. Semimembranosus Name the muscle and its action(s) • Action: • Flexion of the knee

  26. Anterior cruciate ligament • Lateral collateral ligament • Lateral meniscus • Posterior cruciate ligament • Medial collateral ligament • Medial meniscus 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

  27. Semitendinosus Name the muscle and its action(s) • Action: • Flexion of the knee

  28. 1 = PCL 2 = Lateral meniscus 3 = ACL 4 = Medial meniscus 1. 4. 2. 3

  29. Name the colored muscles 2 = Vastus lateralis 1 = Rectus femoris 4 = Vastus medialis

  30. ? = ? = ? = Lateral condyle Medial condyle Intercondylar fossa Femur

  31. Name the muscle and its action(s) Gracilis Action - flexion at the knee

  32. ? =? = ? = Medial condyle Lateral condyle Medial Malleolus Tibia

  33. 2. 3. 1. • = Vastus lateralis • = Rectus femoris • = Vastus medialis

  34. VL RF VM VL RF VM

  35. Rectus femoris Name the muscle and its action(s) • Actions: • Extension of the knee

  36. 1. 2. 3. 3. 4. 1. = Anterior cruciate ligament 2. = Lateral collateral 3. = Lateral meniscus 3. = Medial collateral 4. = Medial mieniscus

  37. Name the muscles. 1 = Vastus lateralis 2 = Vastus intermedius 3 = Vastus medialis 1. 2. 3.

  38. Fibula ? = ? = Head Lateral malleolus

  39. Name the muscles • Biceps femoris • Biceps femoris • Semitendonosis • Semimembranosis

  40. Biceps femoris Name the muscle and its action(s) • Action: • Flexion of knee

  41. Medial condyle Lateral condyle Medial Malleolus Tibia ? =?= ? =

  42. Popliteus Name the muscle and its action(s) • Action: • Flexion of the knee

  43. 6 = ? 7 = ? 8 = ? Lateral condyle Intercondylar fossa Medial condyle Femur

  44. Name the muscle and its action(s) Sartorius Action: Flexion at the knee

  45. 3. 1. 4. 2. 1 = Medial meniscus 2 = PCL 3 = ACL 4 = Lateral meniscus

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