Mastering Rhetorical Persuasion Skills

1. Bellwork: Make notes on your own paper. Think of something you tried to persuade a parent or friend to do. Maybe you wanted to borrow money or buy a new phone. What kind of arguments did you use to try to persuade this person? Did you use statistics and logic? Did you try to present yourself as responsible? Did you attempt to make the person feel bad in order to persuade him or her? Which appeals worked best?

2. Standard Reading Standard CS 6 Determine an author’s point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how an author uses rhetoric to advance that point of view or purpose.

3. Objectives • To understand and to identify pathos, logos, and ethos (Aristotle’s triangle) as rhetorical persuasion in various mediums • To analyze how the author uses this rhetorical persuasion to advance the POV and purpose Powerpoint, pair work, use for a grade

4. Rhetorical Devices Persuasion

5. Why should you care ? • Student responses on this Powerpoint • Student written analysis of Magazine ads. • Speeches by Sojourner Truth, Martin Luther King find Aristotle’s triangle and add to Nonfiction element charts. • Upcoming Nonfiction analysis of Ross Barnett’s Speech. • Timed write an analytical expository/informative essay with the info from these 3 speeches.

6. Rhetoric • RHETORIC - art of persuasion • What is the GOAL of PERSUASION: ?

7. Rhetoric • RHETORIC - art of persuasion • The GOAL of PERSUASION: to convince the reader or listener to accept a particular opinion or to perform a certain action.

8. Persuasion • An appeal to help others see your side, to see that your ideas are valid or more valid than another’s ideas • Greek philosopher Aristotle divided persuasion into three different categories: • Pathos, Logos, and Ethos

9. Pathos • Emotional appeal • appeal to audience’s sympathy or imagination • Audience sees things from author’s point of view

10. Ethos • Ethics- Philosophy that defends, and recommends concepts of right and wrong behavior. • Conveyed through tone or style • Values, and beliefs

11. Ethos continued • Argument based on character • Appeals to sense of ethical behavior • Writer or speaker presented to the audience as credible, trustworthy, honest and ethical.

12. Logos • Based on facts, evidence, & logical reasoning • Uses inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning.

13. 30 secondsTurn to your right and teach your neighbor about Logos, Pathos, and Ethos?

15. Objectives • To understand and to identify pathos, logos, and ethos as rhetorical persuasion in various mediums • To analyze how the author uses this rhetorical persuasion to advance the POV and purpose

16. Why should you care about ? • Student responses on this Powerpoint • Student written analysis of Magazine ads. • Speeches by Sojourner Truth, Martin Luther King find Aristotle’s triangle and add to Nonfiction element charts. • Upcoming Nonfiction analysis of Ross Barnett’s Speech. • Timed write an analytical expository/informative essay with the info from these 3 speeches.

17. Ethos, Pathos, Logos? You will decide whether the following examples appeal to your ethics, emotions, or logic.

18. When deciding which, think about… • Is the writer trying… • to gain your respect? • to prove good character? • to prove that he/she is generally trustworthy? • In authority on this speech topic? • If so, then ETHOS is the persuasive appeal being employed.

19. When deciding, think about… • Do the words evoke feelings of … love? … sympathy? … fear? • Do the visuals evoke feelings of compassion? … envy? • If so, then PATHOS is the persuasive appeal being employed.

20. When deciding, think about… • Does the message make sense? • Is the message based on facts, statistics, and evidence? • If so, then LOGOS is the persuasive appeal being employed.

21. When RESPONDING, use these signals… PATHOS LOGOS ETHOS

22. ETHOS • I am a husband, a father, and a taxpayer. I’ve served faithfully for 20 years on the school board. I deserve your vote for city council.

23. PATHOS • The presidential candidate wants to hurt the elderly by cutting Medicare.

24. LOGOS • Ben Carson believes the same way I believe. Therefore, if elected, he will do what I would do.

25. LOGOS • “We don’t have single-sex toilets at home, and we don’t need them at the office. Then there’s also the small question of efficiency. I see my male colleagues waiting in line to use the men’s room, when the women’s toilet is unoccupied. Which is precisely why Delta Airlines doesn’t label those two bathrooms at the back of the plane as being solely for men and women. It just wouldn’t fly. The University of Chicago just got the 10 single-use restrooms on campus designated gender neutral. It’s time Yale followed suit. And this is not just an academic problem. There are tens of thousands of single-use toilets at workplaces and public spaces throughout the nation that are wrong-headedly designated for a single-sex. All these one-gender toilets should stop discriminating. They should be open to all on a first-come, first-lock basis.” —Ian Ayres, “Looking Out for No. 2”

26. ETHOS • “I am a cripple. I choose this word to name me. I choose from among several possibilities, the most common of which are “handicapped” and “disabled.” I made the choice a number of years ago, without thinking, unaware of my motives for doing so. Even now, I am not sure what those motives are, but I recognize that they are complex and not entirely flattering. People—crippled or not—wince at the word “cripple,” as they do not at “handicapped” or “disabled.” Perhaps I want them to wince. I want them to see me as a tough customer, one to whom the fates/gods/viruses have not been kind, but who can face the brutal truth of her existence squarely. As a cripple, I [have] swag.” —Nancy Mairs, “On Being a Cripple”

27. PATHOS • “We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender.” —Winston Churchill, speech to the House of Commons, June 4, 1940

29. Your Turn • In pairs, you will choose a print ad and complete the “Ad Dissection and Analysis”. • HW: Take a picture of your ad. You and your partner work on it for homework. 10 mins tomor to combine your findings and present to the class.