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Chapter 12

Chapter 12. Section 3. Wave Properties. Wave: one of two ways to carry energy Matter is the other way Mechanical waves: require a medium through which waves propagates Medium = rope, water, spring, air Two types: transverse and longitudinal. Longitudinal vs. Transverse.

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 Section 3

  2. Wave Properties • Wave: one of two ways to carry energy • Matter is the other way • Mechanical waves: require a medium through which waves propagates • Medium = rope, water, spring, air • Two types: transverse and longitudinal

  3. Longitudinal vs. Transverse • http://paws.kettering.edu/~drussell/Demos/waves/wavemotion.html

  4. Describing a Wave • amplitude, A • wavelength, λ (lambda) • period, T (sec) • frequency, f (cycles per sec = sec-1 = Hz); f = 1/T • speed, v = λ·f • crest, compression • trough, rarefaction

  5. λ, f, & v

  6. Practice 12D, Pg 457 The string of a piano that produces the note middle C vibrates with a frequency of 264 Hz. If the sound waves produced by this string have a wave length in air of 1.30 m, what is the speed of sound in air?

  7. Describing Wave Behavior Pg 387 Teacher Edition by Glencoe Physics • incident wave • transmitted wave • reflected wave

  8. Example A sound wave has a frequency of 192 Hz and travels the length of a football field, 91.4 m, in 0.271 s. • the speed? • the wavelength? • the period? • If the frequency was changed to 442 Hz, new wavelength? New period?

  9. Wave Behavior • At a free end • At a fixed boundary • At the boundary with another medium • interference • constructive • destructive • Standing waves • Refraction

  10. Wave at a free end • Reflection of a Pulse at a Free End

  11. Waves at a fixed boundary • Reflection of a Pulse at a Fixed End

  12. Waves through different medium • Characteristics of a Transmitted Pulse

  13. Interference • How two or more waves are interacting • Each wave affect the medium independently • Waves algebraically combine to form a new wave - Principle of superposition • Superposition: having two or waves at the same place and at the same time • Constructive interference • Destructive interference • Video: 5 min Wave Interferences

  14. Constructive Interference(Waves are in phase)

  15. Destructive Interference(Waves are out of phase) • B • A+B A

  16. Standing Wave • Video: 3 min Standing waves

  17. Refraction • A profound effect of light waves • Bending the light waves when entering a different medium, results in the change of speed.

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