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The Rise of Democratic Ideas

The Rise of Democratic Ideas. Mrs. Tucker Victor Valley High School World History. People to Know. Socrates - Greek Philosopher – Question beliefs; Socratic Method – question and answer; Plato – Greek Philosopher- The Republic – Belief in “Philosopher Kings ;”

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The Rise of Democratic Ideas

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  1. The Rise of Democratic Ideas Mrs. Tucker Victor Valley High School World History

  2. People to Know • Socrates - Greek Philosopher – Question beliefs; Socratic Method – question and answer; • Plato – Greek Philosopher- The Republic – Belief in “Philosopher Kings;” • Aristotle – Greek Philosopher -Politics– “Law – Reason Without Desire;” Principal of Order – Laws Maintain Stability of Nation; • Machiavelli – Italian Humanist, political philosopher/advisor – The Prince – “Better to be feared than loved;” The End Justifies the Means; • John Locke – English Philosopher – Natural Law; Two Treatises of Government;” Life, Liberty, and Property;” • Thomas Hobbes – English Philosopher – Monarchist – Leviathan - the nature of man -- “Life is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short”

  3. Major Forms of Government • Monarchy • State ruled by a King • Rule is hereditary • Some rulers claim divine right • Aristocracy • State ruled by nobility • Rule is hereditary and based on family social rank, wealth • Social status and wealth support rulers’ authority

  4. Major Forms of Government • Oligarchy • State ruled by a small group of citizens • Rule is based on wealth or ability • Ruling group controls military • Direct Democracy • State ruled by its citizens • Rule is based on citizenship • Majority rule decides vote

  5. Beliefs to Know • Judeo-Christian- Islam • Basis in Hebrew belief in one God; • Written Laws – Torah, Bible, Quar’an;(Ten Commandments) • Individual Morality; • Humans created in God’s image with divine spark that gives dignity (worth of the individual); • Equality of people before God; • Duty of individual and community to combat oppression • Greco-Roman • Written code of laws; • Individual dignity due to ability to reason; Individual Achievements, Dignity and Worth are of great importance; • Laws based on principals of reason and justice; • Juries; • Three branches of government; legislative, executive, judicial; • All citizens have right to equal treatment under the law; • Innocent until proven guilty; Burden of proof rested with accuser rather than accused; • Unreasonable or grossly unfair laws can be set aside;

  6. Vocabulary to Know • Renaissance • Humanism • Republic • Secular • Vernacular • Theocracy • Reformation • Utopia • Monotheism • Polytheism

  7. Concepts to Know • Tyranny • Civil Liberty • Equality • Ethics • Natural Rights • Revolution • U.S. Constitution • English Bill of Rights • Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen • The Republic • Politics • Magna Carta 1215 • Social Contract

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