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Government Involvement in Sustainable Tourism Development: Strategies and Impacts

Explore the various approaches of government involvement in sustainable tourism development, from passive to active roles, and understand the implications on the industry, communities, and the environment. Learn about National Tourism Organizations and their responsibilities in shaping tourism policies and promoting responsible travel practices.

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Government Involvement in Sustainable Tourism Development: Strategies and Impacts

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  1. COLBOURNE COLLEGE PARTNERSHIPS IN SUSTAINABLETOURISM The role of the government – National Tourism Organisations, the private sector, and local communities

  2. GOVERNMENT APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT PASSIVE INVOLVEMENT – can be mandatory or supportive • Passive Mandatory • The government passes legislation to govern foreigners working at a destination, to facilitate air access etc. • offer general investment incentives. • Provide appropriate infrastructure This is not done with the tourism industry in mind but the industry benefits indirectly.

  3. GOVERNMENT APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT • PASSIVE INVOLVEMENT cont’d Passive Supportive • Government may approve of privates sector’s efforts to develop the tourism industry with little input • They may go as far as offering tourism courses – most of which have little relevance to the needs of the industry

  4. GOVERNMENT APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT– may be managerial or developmental Active Managerial • The government sets out objectives for the industry • Establishes relevant agencies and legislation to help attain objectives • It provides investment facilities for individuals and companies desirous of investing in tourism • They may also negotiate air access with the expansion of the tourism industry in mind • And provide any support needed without getting involved

  5. GOVERNMENT APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT cont’d Active Developmental • The government or its agencies may take on operational roles in the industry • In terms of the allocation of scarce resources, they discriminate in favour of the tourism industry • If needed, they become involved in industry operations

  6. NATIONAL TOURISM ORGANIZATIONS (NTOs) • Primarily government entities • Primary responsibility - development and implementation of a country’s tourism policy.

  7. General structure is dependent on: the roles of government and private sector in the development and management of tourism the level of centralization of Government the importance ascribed to tourism. The availability of public and private capital for tourism promotion and development. Structure of NTOs

  8. National Tourism OrganizationsStructure and Scope • An NTO may be: • a full government ministry • a government agency or bureau • a quasi-government organization or • a private national organization.

  9. RESPONSIBILITIES OF NTOs Governments have the right to address the following issues as identified by UNWTO: • Fulfilling the right to leisure and holidays • Preparing citizens for tourism • Developing the economy through tourism • Fostering social and cultural development, and • Safeguarding and protecting the environment

  10. RESPONSIBILITIES OF NTOs Can be broadly classified under: • Policy • Planning & Development • Statistics & Research • Education & Training • Marketing Services • Community Sensitization

  11. NTOs in Jamaica • Public Sector • Ministry of Tourism Entertainment & Culture • Tourism Product Development Co. Ltd. • Jamaica Tourist Board • Jamaica Vacations Ltd. • Jamaica Reservation Service

  12. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MTEC AND ITS AGENCIES

  13. MINISTRY OF TOURISM ENTERTAINMENT & CULTURE MISSION STATEMENT: The Ministry, with the assistance of the agencies which fall under its purview, serves to facilitate and encourage growth of a diversified tourism industry in ways which maximize the social and economic benefits to Jamaica and at the same time allow for the conservation and preservation of the environment.

  14. Role of MTEC • Policy formulation and legislative reform. • Resource allocation to the agencies. • Monitoring and reporting on the performance of the agencies • Ensuring agencies compliance with the regulations governing their establishment.

  15. Role of MTEC • Administer incentive programmes. • Undertake long range planning that will ensure the sustainability and orderly development of the tourism sector.

  16. PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY The Jamaican government developed a Master plan for Sustainable Tourism Development • Commissioned in 1998 • Submitted to parliament in 2000 • Finalised in 2002

  17. AREAS FOR CONCERN • Growth rate declining • Losing competitive advantage – Cuba, DR • Product poor – need to capitalise on strong points • Degrading of natural environment • Lack of full support from the people

  18. MAIN FOCUS • Community-based tourism • Improving visitor experience • Establishing a sustained • market position • Emphasise environmental • sustainability • Make industry more inclusive

  19. TOURISM PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT COMPANY MISSION To facilitate the diversification, development and improvement of the tourism product utilizing an experienced and qualified staff to enhance visitor experience by building consensus and strategic alliances with industry stakeholders in order to engender socio- economic growth.

  20. TOURISM PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LTD

  21. OBJECTIVES OF TPDCo • Establish, inspect, and monitor standards of all tourism entities • Facilitates the licensing of all tourism entities and monitors compliance • Create, organize and conduct training and skills-upgrading programmes which will facilitate human resource development in the tourism sector

  22. OBJECTIVES OF TPDCo • Develop plans and programmes for the improvement of resort areas • Assist with the improvement of the infrastructure and physical environment of resort towns; • Encourage investment in tourism-related activities

  23. JAMAICA TOURIST BOARD RESPONSIBLITIES • Undertake market research to inform the decision-making process • Promote Jamaica as a preferred destination • Build and maintain good relationships with international travel partners (tour operators, travel agents, airlines), local operators and policy makers • Identify and target new and emerging consumer groups which present opportunities for the Jamaican tourism industry

  24. JAMAICA TOURIST BOARD RESPONSIBLITIES • Track industry performance • and do comparative analyses both internationally and regionally. • Communicate timely and useful marketing information and market intelligence to local operators, financiers and policy makers. • Attract adequate airline service, both scheduled and charter, from targeted gateways.

  25. JAMAICA TOURIST BOARD RESPONSIBLITIES • Market the unique features of the country’s cultural heritage in order to achieve competitive advantage. • Provide the major link between the Government and the industry and maintaining communication with industry representatives. • Foster an understanding of, and building support for the industry among the local communities.

  26. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT & PLANNING AGENCY • Established in 2001 • Merger of the Natural Resource Conservation Authority, The Town Planning Department and Land Development and Utilisation Commission • Aim – to integrate planning and environmental management

  27. NEPA’s Mission To promote sustainable development by ensuring protection of the environment and orderly development in Jamaica through highly motivated staff performing at the highest standard.

  28. LEGISLATIVE MANDATE • The Natural Resources Conservation Authority Act; • The Town and Country Planning Act; • The Land Development and Utilization Act; • The Beach Control Act; • The Watershed Protection Act; and • The Wildlife Protection Act

  29. THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR

  30. MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES • Lobby government on behalf of their members • Conduct marketing for members e.g. trade shows etc • Establish regulations and standards for members • Research and training to enhance members performance

  31. E.G. NTOs IN JAMAICA Private Sector • The Jamaica Hotel and Tourist Association (JHTA) • Jamaica Association of Villas and Apartments (JAVA) • Jamaica Union of Travellers Association (JUTA)

  32. Reference • Association of Caribbean States. http:// www.acsaec.org/Tourism/Turagrmtindexeng.htm • Caribbean Tourism Organization. “Caribbean Tourism Organization Opens 23rd Conference with Challenges to Preserve, Protect & Improve Product”; http://travelfile.com/www/custom/1/012/3837/news/opening.ht mlx • The Courier. “Hospitality is Big Business: Jamaica’s Tourist Sector”; n. 138, March-April 1993 • (http://www.jtbonline.org/pages/default.aspx). • (http://jis.gov.jm/ministries/tourism-and-entertainment/). • (http://www.jhta.org/).

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