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Automation and Control of a limited size parking lot using PIC18 Microcontroller

This project focuses on automating and controlling a parking lot by counting the number of cars entering and exiting. The number of available parking spots is displayed on an LCD screen. The project utilizes sensors, servo motors, LCD display, and indicator LEDs, all connected to a PIC18 microcontroller. The report includes the hardware setup, circuit diagram, flow chart, sensing and interrupts, actuation, feedback and display, conclusion, and future work.

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Automation and Control of a limited size parking lot using PIC18 Microcontroller

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  1. Automation and Control of a limited size parking lot using PIC18 Microcontroller Alaa Sharif Ali Ghamlouch Zaher Khattab Presented to: Dr. Youmin Zhang April 2011

  2. Contents • Introduction • The Hardware • Circuit Diagram • Flow Chart • Sensing and Interrupts • Actuation • Feedback and Display • Conclusion • Future Work

  3. Introduction • The objective of the project is to count number of cars entering and exiting the parking lot • Number of available lots is displayed on an LCD • Automation components used: Sensors, Servo Motors, LCD display, indicator LEDs • components are connected to microcontroller (PIC18F4431) to simulate the sensing, actuating, and feedback

  4. The Hardware • PIC18F4431 Microcontrollers • 2 Sensors, each sensor consist of a IR transmitter & 40 KHz receiver • 555 timer • 2 Electric Servo motors (HiTEC HS-422) • LCD Display (2 Lines, Max 16 character in each line) • 4 indicating LEDs (2 Green, 2 Red)

  5. Circuit Diagram

  6. Flow Chart

  7. Sensing • Introducing IR emitter-receiver sensor • Implementation of the IR emitter-receiver sensor using 555 timer

  8. Sensing • Frequency Calibration IR emitter-receiver: • 0.693 (+) • == 2.5 * sec • is a variable resistor

  9. Actuation • 2 servo motors controlling the opening and closing of gates • Generating delays to turn the motor(loop repetition)

  10. Actuation • On and off delay defines duty cycle, period and frequency • Neutral: 1.5 ms high , 18.5 ms low • Rotation : 1.9 ms high, 18.1 ms low • Maintaining the position of the motor

  11. Feedback and Display • Interrupt through sensors • Incrementing / decrementing a register to count available lots • Displaying available lots on LCD • Indicator LEDs to indicate opening and closing of gates

  12. Conclusion • Combination between hardware and software was achieved with success • Fulfilling the interface between the IR emitter receiver sensor, the 2 servo motors, the LCD and the four indicator LEDs

  13. Future Work • Use of vision system to indicate presence of cars on gate • Fully automated vision system indicating number of available slots and controlling the gates • Use of IR sensors on all parking slots to indicate a vacant one, and displaying slot’s number on LCD

  14. Thank You

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