National Health priority areas

1. National Health priority areas Collectively the 8 priority areas account for almost 80% of the total burden of disease and injury in Australia

2. What are the NHpA? The NHPA are diseases or conditions that have been selected by the Commonwealth Government as key focus areas for improvement The health status of Australians have changed over the past 100 years so have the conditions that contribute to overall burden of disease By focusing on these conditions and allocating resources to them, it is possible for further improvements in health to be made.

3. What are the aims of the NHpA? • All levels of government • Local • State • Federal /Territory • Non- government • Heart Foundation • Diabetes Australia • Nutrition Australia • Private Sector • Insurance companies • Medical profession The NHPA aims to involve as many key stakeholders Work together to reduce the burden of disease associate with these conditions

4. Cancer Control • Cardiovascular Health • Mental Health • Injury Prevention and Control • Asthma • Diabetes Mellitus • Arthritis and Musculoskeletal • Conditions • Obesity Reasons for the selection of the NHPAs 1. They contribute significantly to the BD Leading causes of BD 2003: Australia’s Health 2008

5. (cont.) Reasons for the selection of the NHPAs 2. There is potential for significant improvements in health to be made – they are largely preventable conditions 3. There is potential to reduce health inequalities between population groups 4. The cost of treating the condition or disease is substantial 5. There is potential for a range of strategies to be implemented that can improve health inall areas.

6. INDIVIDUAL COMMUNITY • Consequences of ill health for both the individual and the community can include : • Monetary costs - • + • Costs relating to: • Quality of life • Productivity within society Cost of Disease to the:

7. INDIVIDUAL COMMUNITY Cost of Disease to the: The costs associated with disease and injury in Australia are significant 2007- 08 approximately $104 billion was spent of health care alone Expenditure on health is often expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product

8. Types of Costs Cost of ill health can be classified as being : Direct Indirect & Intangible

9. Direct Costs Direct costs are those associated with providing health services to people suffering from a disease or condition. Are the expenses associated with the diagnosis, treatment and care of people who are ill, as well as the money spent on prevention COMMUNITY INDIVIDUAL

10. Direct Costs INDIVIDUAL These are costs often related specifically to the monetary expenditure associated with treating or diagnosing illness Ambulance costs Diagnostic tests – sight , hearing, blood tests, dental, x-rays Doctors, Specialists, physiotherapists, dieticians Surgery – not covered by Medicare or PHI Pharmaceuticals

11. Direct Costs COMMUNITY • Cost to the community associated with diagnosing and treating the condition, but is paid by the community • EG. Medicare, • PBS • Includes doctors and costs associated with the operation of public and private hospitals • Costs by govt and non-govt organisations – develop campaigns and implement strategies – financial cost Direct Costs

12. These are costs related directly to the diagnosis or treatment of the disease INDIVIDUAL COMMUNITY

13. 3 2 1 What information is presented in column 1? What unit of measure is presented in column 2? Give an example. What unit of measure is presented in column 3? How can this be used to support your discussion regarding the direct costs of selected conditions? Give an example. What 2 conditions account for the highest expenditure on health? Compare your answer to the information presented in the graph on the next slide. What conclusion can you draw between the two graphs?

15. Indirect Costs Indirect costs occur as a result of the person having the disease. Indirect costs are the value of human output lost as a result of people being too ill to work or having died prematurely COMMUNITY INDIVIDUAL

16. Indirect Costs INDIVIDUAL Loss of income if unable to work Employing someone to do household chores (mowing lawns, paying a cleaner) after bypass surgery Transport costs – unable to drive

17. Indirect Costs COMMUNITY • Lost productivity due to sickness, doctors visits, hospitalisation, recuperation • Social security payments – if unable to work • Employer may need to train replacement staff • Alcohol-related illness could include costs of road trauma, legal and police costs

18. Intangible Costs • Pain and suffering • Stress • Loss of self-esteem • Loss of participation of social activities (volunteering) Include pain, suffering, anxiety, reductions to quality of life and bereavement experienced when someone is ill or dies. Difficult measure in

19. Key Knowledge: One health promotion program relevant to each NHPA What is a Health Promotion Strategy? Health promotion strategies aim to encourage behaviour change before the diseases become a problem Disease prevention Education is a major aspect of health promotion strategies

20. Example of a Health Promotion Strategy? Quit relaunches the “SPONGE” campaign

21. Quit relaunches the sponge campaign: Quit Victoria recently launched the latest graphic anti-smoking campaign, a hard-hitting remake of the famous ‘sponge’ advertisement. The revival of the iconic sponge followed the release of alarming research that revealed that around six out of 10 smokers do not mention lung cancer when asked to name the diseases caused by smoking, despite smoking being responsible for around80 per cent of all lung cancer cases. Research from The Cancer Council Victoria also shows the proportion of smokers that spontaneously identify smoking as a cause of lung cancer is now almost 25 per cent less than it was three years ago. Executive Director of Quit Victoria, Ms Fiona Sharkie, said the data underlined the importance of refreshing the sponge campaign, showing thick cancer causing tar that builds up inside a smoker’s lungs, for a new generation of smokers.

22. “Lung cancer causes the most deaths, but is perhaps the most straightforward to prevent,” said Ms Sharkie. “People tend to assume that every smoker is able to identify without prompting that their habit is a direct cause of lung cancer but the research paints a very different picture. By reinventing the iconic sponge campaign we are delivering the lung cancer message to a whole new generation of smokers.” Ms Sharkie said the new sponge ad packs even more of a punch than the original, which was the first quit smoking campaign to present the dangers of tobacco use in a graphic and uncompromising manner. “Smokers tell us to keep the bad news coming, so if we can communicate the devastating consequences of tobacco use through mass media campaigns such as Sponge then we are on our way to a future where the statistics on smoking related disease are not so grim.” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GM2C0fiZcp8&feature=related

23. Examples of a Health Promotion Strategies for each of the 8 NHPA