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Chapter Four: Society and Social Interaction. Macrosociology Large-Scale Features of Social Life Microsociology Focus on Social Interaction. Levels of Sociological Analysis. Sociological Significance of Social Structure Guides Our Behavior
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Chapter Four: Society and Social Interaction
Macrosociology Large-Scale Features of Social Life Microsociology Focus on Social Interaction Levels of Sociological Analysis
Sociological Significance of SocialStructure Guides Our Behavior Behavior Decided by Location in Social Structure Social location Culture Group’s Language, Beliefs, Values, Behaviors, Gestures Material Objects The Macrosociological Perspective
Social Class Divides People by… Income Education Occupational Prestige The Macrosociological Perspective
Social Status – Position a person occupies Ascribed –a status one is born with Achieved –a status one earns Master Status-cuts across all other statuses one holds Status Set-all of the statuses one holds The Macrosociological Perspective
The Macrosociological Perspective Status Set
The Macrosociological Perspective • Roles – Behaviors associated with ones status • You Occupy a Status • You Play a Role • Ones role will change as ones status changes
Groups – People Who Regularly and Consciously Interact and think of themselves as belonging together Social Institutions– Means Developed by Societies to Meet Basic Needs The more industrialized the society the more formal the institution Macrosociological Perspective
Microsociological Perspective • Social Interaction in Everyday life • Face to face interaction • The mutual influence of two or more people on each other’s behavior. • Symbolic Interaction • Examine people’s perceptions and how such interpretations influence their behavior. • Stereotypes, labeling, and prejudice
Microsociological Perspective Patterns of Social Interaction • Exchange • Cooperation • Competion • Conflict • Coercion
Stereotypes Assumptions about the characteristics of certain individuals which leads to generalization Sets the tone for interaction Research on Stereotypes—Snyder (1993) Theory—People assumptions of what people are like—might be a self-fulfilling prophecy Microanalytical Perspective
Microanalytical Perspective (Personal Space) • Personal Space(Edward Hall) – a invisible bubble by which we surround ourselves • 4 Levels: • Intimate • Personal • Social • Public
Erving Goffman Dramaturgy – Life is like a play Actors, audience, stage, script Socialization consists of learning how to play on stage of life Front and Back Stages Sign Vehicles Social setting, appearance, manner Impression Management Face Saving Behavior Microanalytical Perspective (Dramaturgy)
Dramatury (Role Conflict and Role Strain) • Role Conflict – a conflict between two separate roles The more roles you play, the more conflict you may experience • Role Strain – a strain within the same role
Ethnomethodology - The study of how people use background assumptions to get through everyday life Harold Garfinkle’s Experiments Microanalytical Perspective (Ethnomethodology)
Thomas Theorem– W.I. Thomas Our behavior depends not on the objective but on the subjective interpretation of reality. We behave according to the way we perceive the world Microanalytical Perspective (Thomas Theorem)