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from SPARC to SPARX. Luigi Palumbo. SPARC Review Committee, January 9, 2008. MUR Strategic Research Programs. SPARC R&D program towards high brightness e - beam & SASE-FEL experiment (FISR). SPARX R&D towards an X-ray FEL-SASE source
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from SPARC to SPARX Luigi Palumbo SPARC Review Committee, January 9, 2008
MUR Strategic Research Programs SPARC R&D program towards high brightness e- beam & SASE-FEL experiment (FISR). SPARX R&D towards an X-ray FEL-SASE source (1.5 nm < < 13.5 nm ) (FIRB) (2007) Approval of SPARX Facility with start funding
LABORATORY @ LNF-INFN
INFN Installation completed … Compared with the original MIUR contract additional items: Dazzler Emittance-meter Third Accelerating section Second set of solenoids + steel mantel RF Deflector By-pass X-Band RF Cavities Seeding chamber and support + brand new electrical, fluids, cooling plants installed in the hall.
SPARC PLANNING • - SPARC Photoinjector @150 MeV completed - Installation of 12 m SPARC undulator • - Beam measurements @ 150 MeV - Slice emittance - SASE esperiment - Seeding HHG test @266,160,114 nm, - Installation of Thomson beam Line with interaction chamber - Timing and synchronization - X-band RF cavities - High repetition rate (100 Hz) S-band Guns 2009 SPARC-Lab Test Facility (PlasmonX, QFEL, Channeling …) SPARC - lab High Intensity Electron & Photon Beams Laboratory
2008 Review Committee LNF Resp: M. Ferrario MI Resp: L. Serafini Roma2 Resp: L. Catani Lecce Resp: W. Perrone Roma1 Resp: M. Mattioli National Resp. : L. Palumbo Steering Committee Technical Coord: G. Di Pirro Scientific Coord: L. Serafini Commiss Coord. M. Ferrario S P A R C e-beam meas. A. Cianchi Linac R. Boni Gun & RF Def. D. Alesini e-beam sim. C. Ronsivalle Laser System C. Vicario exp. data analys A. Mostacci Magn&Power Supply G.Gatti PlasmonX C. Vaccarezza RF Contr. & Synch. A. Gallo Photon beam E. Chiadroni Seeding L. Giannessi Timing A. Drago Layout: S. Tomassini Instr. diagn. D. Filippetto Vacuum A. Clozza Controls, Data log E. Pace Cathodes L. Cultrera Mech. & Align: F. Sgamma Fluids L. Pellegrino RF-X Develop. B. Spataro Convent. Safety S. Vescovi Area Safety Resp. G. Di Pirro Radiation Prot. A. Esposito Documentation M. Migliorati
S orgente P ulsata A uto-amplificata R adiazione X PROJECT
water window • (~ 2.5 – 4.5 nm) • carbon window • (~ 4.5 – 6.3 nm) SPARX Goals • SPARX workshops - ENEA CR Frascati 16.01.2001 - INFN-LNF 09.05.2005 - INFN-LNF 19.06.2007 Wavelength range : 1.5 - 13.5 nm
Fs-dynamics Chemical Reactions CHEMISTRY Magnetic Nanostructure MATERIAL SCIENCE Energy Dissipation in Clusters PHYSICS Brightness Complex Solids PHYSICS Catalysis, Electrochemistry TECHNOLOGY Spectro-microscopy LIFE/Environment Coherence Time resolved imaging MATERIAL SCIENCE Biological systems LIFE SCIENCE Nanofabrication TECHNOLOGY Peak Power Clusters MATERIAL SCIENCE Athmospheric chemistry ENVIRONMENT Fusion Plasma TECHNOLOGY
12.4 1.24 0.124 l (nm) SASE RADIATION SPARX
Flexible design SASE & Seeded configurations • Seed source to improve coherence length with respect to SASE • Extended use of higher order harmonics • Short pulses (fs range) • Extendable operation range to the sub-nm wavelengths (0.5 nm)
Linac 150 MeV RF gun IV BC1 SPARX layout Laser heater Linac 350 MeV RFD IV Linac 500 MeV BC2 DL1 Linac 1.2 GeV IV undulators @ 1.2 GeV DL1 Linac 2.4 GeV DL2 undulators @ 2.4 GeV
1.2 GeV 10 – 6 nm 10 nm 6 nm
2.4 GeV 6 – 1 nm 1.9 nm 1.1 nm
Seed Source U - 1 U - 2 e - beam λres λres/n SEEDING & Harmonic Gen.
How to go to shorter wavelengths? Example: 0.5 nm Use 3rd harmonics Increase the beam Energy @ 3.5 GeV 3) Shorter period undulator 1.5 cm @ 2.4 GeV Waveguide X-band undulator @ 2.4 GeV
RF Option for shorter : RF traveling wave undulator (TWU) • High power (400 MW) X-band 11.4 GHz RF source • SLAC SLED’ed system • Many novel aspects, advantages • Short u (1.5 mm) • Large aperture (low wakes) • Helical polarization (K=0.8) • Period-to-period field balance easy • Inexpensive access to sub-nm r • Experimental test in 2008 RF TW undulator: beam counterpropagating in high power RF waveguide Preliminary design for UCLA-INFN TWU experiment at BNL ATF
Towards the femtosecond frontier: Extreme-low charge operation • Extreme-low Q operation • 1 nC —> 1 pC • Very low n=0.06 mm-mrad • Ultra-short beam, high I • Velocity bunching at source • Chicane bunching at 1 GeV • 1 femtosecond rms bunch • Advantages • Wakes mitigated (CSR, undulator) • Higher brightness beam (short Lg) • Single spike X-ray FEL, more stable • Time-scale of interest for probing electronic motion • Idea applicable to SPARX, LCLS Simulation of SPARX e-beam current pulse
LONG TERM PROCUREMENT TUNNEL & BUILD. CONSTRUCTION SHORT TERM PROCUREMENT R&D DEVELOP. SUB-SYSTEMS TEST INSTALLATION COMMISSIONING FACILITY TDR BUILD. PROJECT 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
SPARX- Activity Plan – Start up 6.12.2007 31.12.2007 30.04.2008 15.05.2008 • Approval od Role & Responsabilities • Complete Organization Chart (CTS) TDR • Machine Design • Civil infrastructure design • Cost estimate • Planning • Layout Macchina • Project Specificatios Scientific case Up-date