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The Rise of Christianity

The Rise of Christianity. Chapter 6 Section 4. Key Terms. Constantine Bishop Peter Pope. Jesus Apostle Paul Diaspora. The Life and Teachings of Jesus. Roman power came to Judea in 63 BC Judea at first was independent AD 6 made of province of Rome

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The Rise of Christianity

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  1. The Rise of Christianity Chapter 6 Section 4

  2. Key Terms • Constantine • Bishop • Peter • Pope • Jesus • Apostle • Paul • Diaspora

  3. The Life and Teachings of Jesus • Roman power came to Judea in 63 BC • Judea at first was independent • AD 6 made of province of Rome • God promised to send a messiah to restore the kingdom

  4. Jesus of Nazareth • Between 4 and 6 BC Jesus was born • Born in Bethlehem • Raised in Nazareth • Baptized by John the Baptist • Was a carpenter • Age 30 began public ministry • Christianity- teachings of Jesus of Nazareth

  5. Jesus of Nazareth • Taught for three years • Performed miracles • Taught 10 Commandments • Gods personal relationship with man • God would end wickedness • Establish kingdom after death for people who repent for their sins

  6. A Growing Movement • Teaching are from the Gospel • First 4 books of New Testament • Little historical reference • Written by his disciples • Disciples small group of followers • Apostles-12 men especially chosen by Jesus

  7. A Growing Movement • His fame grew • Attracted large crowds • Ignore wealth message for the poor. • “Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the world”

  8. Jesus’ Death • Roman and Jewish leaders concerned • AD 29 Jesus visited Jerusalem • Greeted as king and messiah • Chief priests denied he was the messiah • Teachings were blasphemy

  9. Jesus’ Death • Pontius Pilate accused Jesus of defying Rome • Pilate sentenced him to be crucified • Body disappears from the tomb • Jesus started to appear • Ascended into heaven • Became Jesus Christ (Greek for savior)

  10. Christianity Spreads Through an Empire • Followers spread message of triumph over death • New religion based on Jesus’ messages • Spread throughout the empire

  11. APOSTLE PAUL • Influence on development of Christianity • Had a vision of Jesus • Spread message for the rest of his life • PaxRomana provided ideal conditions • Travel • Exchange of ideas

  12. Apostle Paul • Latin and Greek easily understood • Paul wrote Epistles • Jesus was the son of God who died for people’s sins • Christianity welcomed all converts • Enabled it to become more than local religion • Paul dispersed with some Jewish requirements to become Christian

  13. Jewish Rebellion • AD 66 Jews rebelled • AD 70 Romans stormed Jerusalem • Destroyed the Temple • Western wall all that is left • Jews in Massada held out till AD 71

  14. Jewish Rebellion • AD 132 • Half a million Jews die • Jewish political state ceased to exists for 1800 years • Diaspora- Jews driven from their home

  15. Persecution of Christians • Christians refused to worship Roman gods • Rulers used Christians as scapegoats • Roman imprisoned or executed Christians • Thousands crucified, burned, killed by wild animal • Marty-person willing to die for an idea

  16. A World Religion • Despite persecution become a powerful force • Why Christianity grew • Embraced all people • Gave hope to the powerless • Appealed to those who repelled extravagances • Promised eternal life

  17. Constantine accepts Christianity • AD 312 fighting three rivals • Milvian Bridge battle he prays and sees a cross • Orders artisans to put the cross on their shield • Constantine victorious • Edict of Milan-approves Christianity

  18. Early Christian Church • AD 380 Theodosius mad it the emperor’s official religion • Priest led each small group • Bishop-supervised several local churches • Peter traveled to Rome and became the first bishop

  19. Early christian church • Jesus referred to Peter as the rock • Eucharist-memory of last supper (bread and wine) • All priests and bishops trace authority to him • Every major city has a bishop • Peter was the first Pope • Bishop of Rome was leader of the whole church

  20. A Single Voice • Disagreements developed • Hersey- anyone who did not believe • Compiled New Testament • Contained the 4 Gospels, the Epistles of Paul

  21. A Single Voice • New Testament added to Hebrew Bible • AD 325 Constantine solidifies teachings • Calls leaders to Nicaea in Anatolia • Nicene Creed- defined the beliefs of the church

  22. The Fathers of the Church • Fathers of the Church • Augustine Bishop of Hippo AD 346 • Augustine taught people they needed grace of God to be saved • Had to receive the sacraments

  23. The Fathers of the Church • After Rome was sacked • The city of God could not be destroyed • As Christianity rose Rome declined • Increasing foreign and domestic problems

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