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Types of Sentences. 1.Simple Sentences 2. Compound Sentences 3. Complex Sentences. S. S. 1. Simple Sentences. e.g.1 Birds fly. e.g.2 An old man ran quickly to catch the bus. V. V. Compound Sentences. I forgot my coat, so I got very cold. It was raining, but Bill went out to play
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Types of Sentences 1.Simple Sentences 2. Compound Sentences 3. Complex Sentences English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
S S 1. Simple Sentences e.g.1 Birds fly. e.g.2 An old man ran quickly to catch the bus. V V English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
Compound Sentences • I forgot my coat, so I got very cold. • It was raining, but Bill went out to play • Henry plays the piano, and Mary sings. • You may stay here, or you may go with us. • I can’t speak Chinese, nor can I read it. English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
Note the following. • There are 5 coordinating conjunctions: and, but, so, or, nor • They join two clauses to make a compound sentence. • A comma ( , ) is used before the conjunctions. English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
Complex Sentences • Because it was hot, Ali stayed home. • My father, who is now 60, has retired. • I don’t know where Ali lives. Adverb Clause Adj Clause Noun Clause English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
Types of Clauses A. Adverb Clauses B. Noun Clauses C. Adjective Clauses English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
Adverb Clauses • Because it was hot, Ali stayed home. • Ali stayed home because it was hot. • Adverb Connectors: • Because if • Since unless= if not • Before although • After though • When even though • While (time) while ( contrast) • Until as soon as Adverb Clause Complex Sentence English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
More examples of Adverb Clauses • While I was walking down Al Sadd Street, I saw an accident. • While: contrast While the poor get poorer, the rich get richer. • Please phone us as soon as you get to Cairo. • Please phone us when you get to Cairo. English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
Noun Clauses • A. After a verb: I don’t know why he said such things. • B. After a preposition: • I am thinking about why he said such things. • C. As subject of a sentence: • What you are saying is untrue. subject verb preposition English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
Adjective Clauses • My father, who is now 60, has retired. • This is the house that I want to buy. • The fire which broke out yesterday was caused by a cigarette. • This is the house where I live. • Mr. Smith, whosehouse was burgled, called the police. • The man whomyou are talking about is my brother. connectors English Dept. Aladdin Halwani
Note the following. • An adjective clause usually comes immediately after a noun to describe it. • There are 6 relative pronouns: that, who, which, whose, whom, where • They join two clauses to make a complex sentence. • Two commas ( ,______, ) are used to set off an adjective clause if it is non-defining. • If the adjective clause is defining, no commas are used. English Dept. Aladdin Halwani