Types of Sentences

1. Types of Sentences Learning to vary sentence types in our writing

2. There are 4 main types of sentences... • Simple • Compound • Complex • Compound- complex

3. Review Remember... Sentences are made up of: • Independent Clauses • Subordinate Clauses How do we know if a clause is subordinate or independent? Explain.

4. Once you understand the parts of a sentence, you can create different types of sentences. See the examples below: • My dog loves to swim in the pond. • My dog loves to swim in the pond, but she refuses to jump off the dock. • While I read my book on the dock, my dog swims in the pond. • The dog swims in the pond, but she won’t jump off the dock which is located in the middle.

5. Making Different Sentences: Conjunctions A conjunction is a word used to link words, phrases or clauses within a sentence. For example: And, when, or, but, for, because, while, yet etc. Before learning the 4 types of sentences, you should review the 2 main types of conjunctions.

6. Conjunction Types • Co-ordinating Conjunctions- Used simply to join the parts of a sentence. Ex. And, but, for, so, nor, or, yet For example: • Lilacs and violets are usually purple. (joining subjects) • Daniel's uncle claimed that he spent most of his youth dancing on rooftops and swallowing goldfish. (joining phrases)

7. Conjunction Types 2) Subordinating Conjunctions- Introduces a ‘subordinate clause’ and indicates the relationship between the independent and the subordinate clause. In other words, a subordinating conjunction will determine primary and secondary information. Ex. after, although, as, because, if, since, than, etc. For example: Gerald had to begin his thesis over again when his computer crashed. After she had learned to drive, Alice felt more independent.

8. Can you tell if it is a subordinating or co-ordinating conjunction? Explain. • Jane wanted to go to church but she knew she could not make it on time. • Since she did not make it, Jane got groceries. • Jane took longer to finish groceries than she had expected. • The bank was closed so she decided to just go home.

9. 1) Simple Sentences • (My dog loves to swim in the pond.) A simple sentence expresses one complete thought using one independent clause.

10. Why use simple sentences? • They are easy to read and understand • They improve clarity and make writing concise • They can be used to create or reinforce repetition BUT... • They may make writing sound ‘choppy’ • They can make writing seem immature • They give limited information

11. 2) Compound Sentences b) (My dog loves to swim in the pond), but (sherefuses to jump off the dock.) A compound sentence has 2 independent clauses joined by a co-ordinating conjunction. *Remember, each independent clause must be a complete thought.

12. Why use compound sentences? • They provide additional information • They sound more advanced than simple sentences • They describe two ideas that are of equal importance

13. 3) Complex Sentences c) (While I read my book on the dock), (my dog swims in the pond.) A complex sentence has one independent and at least one subordinate clause (incomplete thought).

14. Why use complex sentences? • They include additional information • They reinforce which ideas are more important than others • They sound more advanced than simple BUT... • They can be difficult to read and hard to understand

15. 4) Complex- Compound d) (The dog swims in the pond), but (shewon’t jump off the dock) (which is located in the middle.) A compound-complex sentence contains two independent clauses and at least one subordinating clause.

16. Why use compound complex? • They are advanced • They provide additional information • They determine which ideas are most important (subordinate vs. independent)

17. Can you tell which type of sentence this is? • Mark and Annie left for Florida.

18. Can you tell which type of sentence this is? • Although students often lose their cell phones at school, they continue to bring valuables to class.

19. Can you tell which type of sentence this is? • The tires still had enough air, so she decided to keep biking.

20. Can you tell which type of sentence this is? • The sky changed to a light green colour and the animals became very quiet because the storm was approaching.