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The Lymphatic & Immune System and Resistance to Disease

The Lymphatic & Immune System and Resistance to Disease. Chapter 21 BIO 202 Human Anatomy & Physiology II. Terms. Pathogen Resistance Nonspecific resistance Immunity. Lymphatic Circulation. Lymph Lymphatic vessels Lymphatic return Lymphatic organs & tissues. 22_03. 22_01. 22_02.

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The Lymphatic & Immune System and Resistance to Disease

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  1. The Lymphatic & Immune System and Resistance to Disease Chapter 21 BIO 202 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

  2. Terms • Pathogen • Resistance • Nonspecific resistance • Immunity

  3. Lymphatic Circulation • Lymph • Lymphatic vessels • Lymphatic return • Lymphatic organs & tissues

  4. 22_03

  5. 22_01

  6. 22_02

  7. 22_06a

  8. Lymphatic Circulation • Lymph • Lymphatic vessels • Lymphatic return • Lymphatic organs & tissues

  9. Primary Lymphatic Tissues • Red Bone Marrow • stem cells • Thymus gland • cortex • medulla

  10. 22_05

  11. Thymus histology

  12. Hassall’s corpuscles

  13. Secondary Lymphatic Tissues • Lymph nodes • cortex • medulla • Spleen • white pulp • red pulp • Lymphatic nodules • various locations

  14. 22_06a

  15. Secondary Lymphatic Tissues • Lymph nodes • cortex • medulla • Spleen • white pulp • red pulp • Lymphatic nodules • various locations

  16. 22_07

  17. Histo of the spleen

  18. Secondary Lymphatic Tissues • Lymph nodes • cortex • medulla • Spleen • white pulp • red pulp • Lymphatic nodules • various locations

  19. Nonspecific Resistance to Disease • Skin and Mucous Membranes • Circulating antimicrobial substances • Circulating attack cells • Inflammation

  20. Skin • Epithelium • Mucous membranes • Secretions • Chemical protection

  21. Skin

  22. Circulating Antimicrobial Substances • Transferrins • Interferons • The Complement System • Activation of inflammation • Opsonization • Cytolysis

  23. Circulating Attack Cells • Natural Killer Cells • Granulocytes • Macrophages

  24. 22_10

  25. Inflammation • Three basic stages • Vasodilation / Diapedesis / Repair • Four signs and symptoms • Redness, Pain, Heat, Swelling

  26. Nonspecific Resistance to Disease • Skin and Mucous Membranes • Circulating antimicrobial substances • Circulating attack cells • Inflammation

  27. Immunity • Specificity • Memory • Antigen: • Self (2 major types) • Non-self (immunogen – epitopes)

  28. Immunity • Major HistocompatibilityComplex • MHC-I • MHC-II • Antigen-Presenting Cells

  29. 22_13

  30. Immunity • Specificity • Memory • Antigen: • Self (2 major types) • Non-self (immunogen – epitopes)

  31. 22_12

  32. Cell-Mediated Immunity • T-lymphocyte sub-classes: • helper T cells • memory T cells • cytotoxic T cells • T-Cell Receptor (TCR)

  33. Antibody-Mediated Immunity • B-lymphocyte sub-classes: • memory B cells • plasma B cells • Antibody = Immunoglobulin • Antigen-Binding Site (ABS)

  34. 22_19

  35. 22_21

  36. 22_22

  37. Immunological Memory • Primary response • Secondary response • Vaccinations

  38. Immune Activation • Natural passive immunity • Self-tolerance • Keep lymphocytes that only attack their target • Self-recognition • Keep lymphocytes that only attack non-Self

  39. Immunological Activation Self Self non-Self non-Self

  40. Immunological Activation Self Self non-Self non-Self Tolerance

  41. Immunological Activation Self Self non-Self non-Self Tolerance Self non-Self

  42. Immunological Activation Self Self non-Self non-Self Tolerance Recognition

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