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Chapter 12

Chapter 12 . Renewed Religions Struggles. Renewed Religions Struggles. In the first half of the 16 th Century, religious conflict had been confined mostly to central Europe The Lutherans and Zwinglians trying to secure rights and freedoms

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 Renewed Religions Struggles

  2. Renewed Religions Struggles • In the first half of the 16th Century, religious conflict had been confined mostly to central Europe • The Lutherans and Zwinglians trying to secure rights and freedoms • In the second half of the century, the focus shifted west to France, The Netherlands, England and Scotland.

  3. Renewed Religious Struggles • Battle for Calvinists to be recognized • The Peace of Augsburg (1555) was the principal that a regions ruler determined it’s religion. Lutheranism became a legal religion in the Holy Roman Empire. • Did not extend recognition to non-Lutheran Protestants. Other sects were prosecuted as heretical.

  4. Renewed Religious Struggles • Catholics began a counter offensive against what they saw as a heretical new religions. • This is known as the Counter Reformation

  5. Renewed Religious Struggles • Calvinism vs. Catholicism (Counter-Reformation) • Calvinism was more regionally and locally organized with boards of presbyters, or elders, directly shaping policy. • Catholicism believed in a centralized Episcopal church system arranged in a strict order from pope to parish priest and stressing unquestioning obedience to the person at the top.

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