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Demand for shipping. Transport demand (tenm) = Mass transported (te) x Distance transported (nm)BTM is a abbreviation for Billion Tonne Nautical Mile (1e6 tenm) and used to describe shipping activity or some portion of transport workMT is an abbreviation for Million Tonne (1e6 te) and used to d
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1. Estimating future demand for shipping Volumetric or Transport work
Seaborne trade in MT or Shipping activity in BTM
2. Demand for shipping
3. Different estimates for GDP This shows the variation in the underlying variable (i.e GDP) being so uncertain, therefore leading to similar uncertainty for demand in shipping in BTM. Co2 will consequently be varying in higher magnitude. This shows the variation in the underlying variable (i.e GDP) being so uncertain, therefore leading to similar uncertainty for demand in shipping in BTM. Co2 will consequently be varying in higher magnitude.
4. GDP and Billion Tonne miles (BTM) 1990 2008 data series
World total GDP and total BTM
There exists a very strong relationship between the two variables R2 0.97, leaving only 3% of BTM unexplained
1990 2008 data series
World total GDP and total BTM
There exists a very strong relationship between the two variables R2 0.97, leaving only 3% of BTM unexplained
5. GDP and BTM - Disaggregated
6. Future growth using GDP and BTM relationship 6 fold increase in shipping activity from 2010 to 2050
Compare that to 150-200% growth in emissions
A1B scenario other studies use, easy to compare and validate results6 fold increase in shipping activity from 2010 to 2050
Compare that to 150-200% growth in emissions
A1B scenario other studies use, easy to compare and validate results
7. Historic relationship between GDP, BTM and MT
8. GDP and Million Tonne (MT)
9. Other regressions have been done with seaborne trade and population, land area but only result in few % of seaborne trade explained
Other regressions have been done with seaborne trade and population, land area but only result in few % of seaborne trade explained
10. Future growth using MT and GDP relationship
11. Converting MT to BTM
12. Average haul
13. Comparing A1B scenario BTM with OPRF A1B Validation Validation
14. IMO estimates of BTM index
15. Comparions with Eyring et al
16. Comparing with OPRF A1B Scenario
17. Multi phase methodology
18. Stakeholder survey