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Ebola Clip

Ebola Clip. Day 1. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems. Lymphatic System. Functions? Return fluid to circulatory system Defense Specific Non-specific. Organization of the Lymphatic System. Lymph Formation and Flow. F luid leaks from blood capillaries E nters lymphatic capillaries

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Ebola Clip

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  1. Ebola Clip

  2. Day 1 The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

  3. Lymphatic System • Functions? • Return fluid to circulatory system • Defense • Specific • Non-specific

  4. Organization of the Lymphatic System

  5. Lymph Formation and Flow • Fluid leaks from blood capillaries • Enters lymphatic capillaries • Returns to circulatory system through lymphatic trunks

  6. Do you remember… • Structural hierarchy: • Atoms • Molecules • Organelles • Cells • Tissues • Organs • Organ systems

  7. Lymphatic Cells • Lymphocytes • T lymphocytes mature in thymus • B lymphocytes mature in bone marrow • Macrophages • begin as monocytes • leave lymphatic tissue to enter surrounding tissue

  8. Lymphatic Tissues • Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) • Patches of tissue in mucous membranes • Respiratory • Tonsils • GI • Small intestine • Appendix

  9. Lymphatic Organs • Lymph nodes • cleanse lymph • store and produce T and B cells

  10. Lymphatic Organs • Spleen • scans and cleans blood • Thymus • nursery for T cells

  11. Nonspecific Defense • Phagocytosis • neutrophils • macrophages (formerly monocytes) • engulf, destroy, debris out via exocytosis • Natural killer cells • bind to infected cells • proteins perforate cells

  12. Nonspecific Defense • Complement • plasma proteins assist with phagocytosis • Interferons • released by virus infected cells • slow/stop viral growth, replication

  13. The Development of Inflammation • Tissue damage • Histamine and other inflammatory chemicals released • BV dilate, blood flow increases, capillary permeability increases • Clotting and scar formation

  14. Fever • Activation of leukocytes and macrophages causes release of pyrogens • Hypothalamus raises body temperature, causing a fever • Advantage?

  15. Lymph and Immune Systems • Day 2

  16. Review

  17. Function of lymph vessels?

  18. Locations of lymph tissue/organs?

  19. How does lymph fluid get back in circulatory system?

  20. 3 Lines of Defenses?

  21. Why T and B cells?

  22. Process?

  23. Operation? • Natural killer cells • Complement • Interferon • Pyrogens

  24. Antigens • On the surface of cells • “Self” vs.“nonself”

  25. Lymphocytes • Recognize only one antigen • Cloned in response to antigen presentation • Memory cells made

  26. Cancer and Lymph Nodes • Rapid, unregulated cell growth • Metastasis • Cells may lodge in lymph nodes

  27. Allergies • Strong response to a harmless antigen • Release of histamine • Symptoms… • Anaphylaxis – severe allergic reaction • Allergy shots?

  28. Allergies

  29. Autoimmune Disorders • Like allergies – but attack of own tissues • Cause unclear • Examples • rheumatoid arthritis • multiple sclerosis • type I diabetes

  30. HIV and AIDS • HIV • infects and kills helper T cells • AIDS • helper T cell count falls below 200/mm3 • immune system seriously weakened • patient is susceptible to opportunistic infection

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