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US History- Goal 4

US History- Goal 4. Westward Migration. Westward Migration. Push Factors- force people to leave an area Civil War, Immigration, land shortage, Religion Pull Factors- attract a person to an area Cheap land, railroads (jobs), opportunity to own private property. Trails. Oregon Trail

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US History- Goal 4

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  1. US History- Goal 4 Westward Migration

  2. Westward Migration • Push Factors- force people to leave an area • Civil War, Immigration, land shortage, Religion • Pull Factors- attract a person to an area • Cheap land, railroads (jobs), opportunity to own private property

  3. Trails Oregon Trail Santa Fe Trail

  4. Mormons • Move to Chicago seeking religious freedom • Joseph Smith will lead them to Chicago • Move to Utah for more religious freedom • Led by Brigham Young

  5. Acts to Encourage Movement West • Morrill-Land Grant Act • Gave states money to set up college and universities to study mining and farming • Ex- Texas A & M (Texas Agriculture and Mining) • Homestead Act • Cheap land • Must be 21 yrs old and farm for 5 years • Get 160 acres of land

  6. Plains Farmers • Problems • No wood, few trees, tough sod, little rainfall, low crop yield, extreme seasons • Solutions • Sod homes- made of mud due to no wood and few trees • Windmills- allow digging of deeper wells • Steel plow- dig through the tough sod • Barbed wire fencing- keep predators out and animals in • Will bring an end to the open range

  7. Pictures of Homesteaders

  8. Transcontinental Railroad • Provide lots of jobs (especially for Immigrants) • Irish immigrants work in East • Chinese immigrants work in West • 2 Railroad Companies Join • Union Pacific- from Nebraska to Promontory Point, Utah • Central Pacific- from California to Promontory Point, Utah • Final stake driven in at Promontory Point, Utah • Result- Transportation quicker, West will grow quicker and divide US into time zones

  9. Credit Mobilier Scandal Credit Mobilier was a construction company given contracts to build railroads They were owned by Republican Senators They charged 3x the right amount and kept the extra as profit

  10. Destruction of Buffalo • Indians relied on Buffalo for everything • Food, clothing, shelter, tools, weapons • Railroad will take up grazing land for Buffalo • Passengers will hunt Buffalo for sport (their hides were made into coats for wealthy) • Impact • Indians will be forced to change and adapt to life without Buffalo- life on reservations

  11. Mining • Mining will become another reason people move West • Boom Towns- gold or silver discovered • Create great growth overnight as people move in • 49ers- Move to California for Gold in 1849 • Denver, CO, Boise, Idaho and Sacramento, California • Merchants will follow miners and shops set up • Ghost Town- after gold or silver gone, people leave and town deserted • Results • West will become populated (states created) • Indians forced to Reservations

  12. Cattle Boom • Cattle trade and herding will provide jobs • Cattle drives- from Texas to places like Abilene and Wichita, Kansas • Rise of Cowboys • Freedmen who move west after Civil War • Hard work, little pay, long hours • About 1/5 of Cowboys were Mexicans or African Americans

  13. Pictures

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