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Japan

Japan. Geographic Factors. Islands off coast?. Geographic Factors. Islands off coast Fewer invasions less need f or central gov’t Pick and choose for. inf l. Geographic Factors. Islands off coast Fewer invasions less need f or central gov’t Pick and choose for. Infl

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Japan

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  1. Japan

  2. Geographic Factors • Islands off coast?

  3. Geographic Factors • Islands off coast • Fewer invasionsless need for central gov’t • Pick and choose for. infl

  4. Geographic Factors • Islands off coast • Fewer invasionsless need for central gov’t • Pick and choose for. Infl • Topography?

  5. Geographic Factors • Islands off coast • Fewer invasionsless need for central gov’t • Pick and choose for. Infl • Mountainous • Polit Fragmentation

  6. Geographic Factors • Islands off coast • Fewer invasionsless need for central gov’t • Pick and choose for. Infl • Mountainous • Polit Fragmentation • Poor natural resourcesTraders and manufacturers

  7. A Resourceful traders & craftsmen Less contact w/Asia  Pick & choose for. ideas Few invasions Less need for strong govt. Small intensively farmed plots  Cooperative soc. Japan politically fragmented  feudal warfare Japan mostly mts. Japan being islands FC.59 THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY JAPAN Few resources Civilization comes later to Japan

  8. Centralization under Yamato • Uji • Yamato clan unifies Japan • Shinto • Head of Yamato ClanReligious Leader • Same dynasty throughout • Religious vs. Polit Authority Jimmu

  9. Chinese Influence • Japanese Borrowing peaks in 7th-9th • Examples of Chinese Influence • Buddhism • Confucian ideas • Chinese written script • Prince Shotoku (572-622) • Missions to China • Court ritual • Taxation, law codes • Centralized Bureaucracy

  10. Shotoku’s Seventeen-Article Constitution • Why do we need central authority? • Evidence of Confucian Influence? • Legalist Influence? • Buddhist Influence? • Shinto Influence? • Mandate of Heaven?

  11. Taika Reforms (7th) • Continues Chinese style governance Taika Reforms (645 C.E.) to adapt Chinese govt. techniques to Japan: Permanent capital at Kyoto Turn hereditary nobles into appointed officials Census & redistribution of land to peasants Systematic taxation Taiho Law Code (702), based on Chinese code, organized govt. w/strong emphasis on court ceremony & ritual rather than military strength

  12. Taika Reforms (7th) • Continues Chinese style governance • Limits to Effects

  13. Taika Reforms (7th) • Continues Chinese style governance • Limits to Effects • Buddhist Resistance

  14. Taika Reforms (7th) • Continues Chinese style governance • Limits to Effects • Buddhist Resistance • Aristocratic Resistance • Results

  15. Disintegration of Central Authority • Rise and Fall of Fujiwara (700s-1192)

  16. Disintegration of Central Authority • Rise and Fall of Fujiwara (700s-1192) • Kamakura Shogunate (1192-1336) • Minamoto Clan • Shogun and Bakufu • Feudal Gov’t • Rise of Hojo • Power belongs to lords/samurai

  17. Samurai and Bushi • Feudal Mini-Kingdoms • Bushi • Samurai

  18. Samurai and Bushi • Feudal Mini-Kingdoms • Bushi • Samurai • Bushido • Ritualized Fighting • Ideal Behaviors

  19. Disintegration and Daimyo • Decline of Hojo • Mongols • Rise of MC hurts Samuraibanditry

  20. Disintegration and Daimyo • Decline of Hojo • Mongols • Rise of MC hurts Samuraibanditry • Ashikaga Shogunate (1336-1573) • Challenges • Destructive Civil War (1467-77) • Daimyo

  21. Decline of Samurai • Decline of Bushido • Changes in Warfare • Economic Growth • Continued Decline in Tokugawa

  22. Japanese Particularity • End of Chinese Borrowings • Samurai/Bushido code • Religion • Women

  23. The Chronicle • Context: KitabatakeChikafusa • What makes Japan special? • Compare to China? • Compare to India? • Buddhism and Confucianism?

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