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Citing Information

Citing Information. Veronica J. Harris M.Ed. Revised June 30, 2010. Why do we Cite Information?. Quality academic writing is built upon the work of others, to which we add our own unique analysis and contributions. Citation allows us to acknowledge how the scholarship of others

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Citing Information

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  1. Citing Information Veronica J. Harris M.Ed. Revised June 30, 2010

  2. Why do we Cite Information? Quality academic writing is built upon the work of others, to which we add our own unique analysis and contributions. Citation allows us to acknowledge how the scholarship of others has contributed to our own work, to distinguish for our readers which ideas are our own and which are borrowed, and to give our readers a path by which they can trace the intellectual development of the ideas we present. To fail to distinguish our original ideas from those of our forebears is plagiarism, "the act of appropriating the literary composition of another author, or excerpts, ideas, or passages there from, and passing the material off as one's own creation." (West's Encyclopedia of American Law)

  3. Roles of Citations • Three major roles in scholarly work: • Allow you to show how your argument is built upon the ideas of others. • Allow you to indicate which ideas are taken from others, • and from whom those ideas were taken; • Allow the interested reader to follow your argument and confirm its logic by investigating the ideas on which • the argument is built, or to further explore those ideas on their own. Give credit where credit is due!

  4. APA Citation The citation format established by the American Psychological Association It is the most preferred citation format of the social sciences discipline

  5. URL Formats • Must have access information • URL functions to retrieve the work • Think of URL as: how to get there://where to go/what-to-get OR Technically Speaking: • transfer protocol://domain name/directory/subdirectory/ filename.type • Be precise with URL information Page: • The URL alone identifies the protocol and where it is located • The Web browser uses the URL to access the information & bring it your computer • the http:// is not needed to access the URL, but it does need to be in your citation

  6. Dates Are Important Citations for Web or Internet resources contain two dates: Date of publication/revision Date of last access Print material has tangible form Digital/Web documents are not: Author publishes work easily Work is easily modified Previous version is overwritten by modified version

  7. Finding Dates of Modification Last Modified: Wednesday, September 15, 2010 Try this when you have a page loaded and can’t find the information: javascript:alert(document.lastModified) A pop-up will display with the date and time. If you cannot determine the date of the page, insert “n.d.” in your citation

  8. Determining Web Page titles The title is the hyperlink that appears when you do a search You can also go to View/Page Info or View/Page Source Example: When I go to Wiki Centric Learning: http://thejournal.com/articles/2010/09/15/wiki-centric-learning.aspx and View the source code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> <head> <title>Wiki-Centric Learning -- THE Journal</title>

  9. Determining the Author Usually found at the top or bottom of the page If not, try truncating back to the domain name The author’s email address may be located in the document Go to the Source Code; sometimes it can be found there

  10. Major Elements in Citing Information • Author’s Name • Document title • Title of Larger Work, if Relevant • Date of Publication or last revision Depending on the Style (MLA, APA, Chicago) • Date page was accessed • URL

  11. Examples: Web Page APA Style: Greater New Milford (Ct) Area Healthy Community 2000, Task Force on Teen and Adolescent Issues.      (n.d.). Who has time for a family meal? You do! Retrieved from http://www.familymealtime.org Part of a Larger Work: Bales, J. (2007October 19). MWP: Willie Morros (1934 – 1999). In J. Padgett (ED.), Mississpi writers page. Retrieved from the University of Mississippi Web sit: http://www.olemiss.edu/mwp/dir/morris_willie/index.html

  12. Citing Electronic Journal Articles • Author’s name • Title of article • Title of journal, volume issue and numbers, date of publication • Date of last revision, if known and different from date of publication • Date accessed • Url APA Example: Orech, Jon. (2007, November). Tips For Digital Story Telling. Tech Learning, November, 2007. Retrieved November 17, 2007from http://www.techlearning.com/story/showArticle.php?articleID=196604788.

  13. Citing Blog Entries Very similar to Journal citations: Author. (Date) Google Blog Serach – Viable or Deniable? Message posted to http://librarianblack.typepad.com/librarianblack/2008/11/google-blog-search--viable-or-deniable.html Citing Wiki Articles Wikis are collaborative projects; therefore, it is difficult to evaluate To cite, click on the link at the bottom of the page: Cite this link. Here you’ll find examples.

  14. Other Electronic Media Podcasts: Provide as much as you can…Include moderator, producer or director Videos: Provide as much info as you can; also add the producer or director

  15. Citing Personal Email Messages • Author’s name • Subject of message • Date message was sent • Description and recipient of message APA Example: Michelle Strasburger (personal communication, November 20, 2007) stated the hiring policy regarding family members must be adhered to in the hiring process.

  16. Citation Resources: • Http://citationMachine.net • http://bibme.org • http://zotero.org • To use Zotero, you need to download software • When you find a resource you like, you can add it to your collection • Zotero also generates bibliographies

  17. To Cite an Image Description or title of image. URL Date Accessed APA Example: Two beluga whales. [Online image] Available http://www.seaworld.org/beluga_whales/beluga_col.gif, January 5, 2000.

  18. On-Line Tool http://www.citationmachine.net http://www.lib.unc.edu/house/citationbuilder/ http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/lobo2/citationbuilder/webcitation.php

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