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Post Disaster Shelter and Energy Efficiency: A Scoping

Post Disaster Shelter and Energy Efficiency: A Scoping . ProAct Network and WWF/US Kelly Adele Billups Margaret Ledyard-Marks Anita Van Breda Jennifer Pepson. Background. Significant effort and funds put into shelter after disaster Many shelter issues relate to energy

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Post Disaster Shelter and Energy Efficiency: A Scoping

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  1. Post Disaster Shelter and Energy Efficiency: A Scoping ProAct Network and WWF/US Kelly Adele Billups Margaret Ledyard-Marks Anita Van Breda Jennifer Pepson

  2. Background • Significant effort and funds put into shelter after disaster • Many shelter issues relate to energy • Options to improve shelter energy efficiency exist • But – focus on rebuilding quickly doesn’t allow designers, managers or beneficiaries identify and incorporate energy efficiency into post disaster shelter • Working group under the Environment Community of Practice, Global Shelter Cluster

  3. A Scoping Exercise To identify current best practice and guidance on energy efficient construction, including the production, sourcing, transport, stockpiling and use of construction materials and methods It is only a scoping – expect and welcome additional information and inputs

  4. The Presentation: • Introduction • Energy Efficiency – Approaches and Experience – Margaret Ledyard-Marks • Life Cycle Analysis – Adele Billups • Questions, Comments, Next steps

  5. Energy Efficiency – Approaches and Experience Margaret Ledyard-Marks

  6. What We Know • EE is mostly a byproduct of post-disaster shelter construction and not a primary goal • No/low cost techniques to achieve energy efficient shelter • Earthen walls with lime base in lieu of concrete • Increase thermal mass and roof overhangs • Build efficient brick kilns • Context-sensitive • Partnerships with local NGOs and organizations with a focus on energy efficiency generally leads to long-term savings, ex: DFID shelter program in Pakistan • IFRC developing a tool on energy consumption and demand/supply

  7. What We Don’t Know • A better understanding of the tradeoffs • Following BREEAM or LEED criteria? • EE building orientation vs organic community structure • Case studies to demonstrate EE can be practical in post-disaster shelter • Materials, logistics, transportation costs, etc. • Standardized approach/methodology for construction • Funding – we have tools but we don’t know if they are justified on a cost basis.

  8. Future Action/Recommendations • List of experts in energy efficient post-disaster shelter practices and theory • Magnus Wolfe Murray, Jim Kennedy, and others…. • Adapting EE tools and techniques to specific post-disaster situations – suggestions from surveys • “Cheat Sheets” for different EE techniques to incorporate into post-disaster shelter construction • Lists of suggested EE materials by region • More research on appropriate materials and methods by region (ex: Kyrgyzstan different from Sri Lanka)

  9. Life Cycle Analysis Adele Billups

  10. What We Know Life Cycle Analysis (LCA): • Used for: environmental regulations, green building standards, retrofitting, energy efficiency (ISO 2012). • LCA databases: • U.S. Life Cycle Inventory Database, The Inventory of Carbon & Energy (ICE),1 (ISO/TC 207) database collaborating with CEN/TC 350)2 • Tools/Models to calculate embodied energy • Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Analysis (EIO/ LCA), BRE’s ENVEST software- ENVEST, IMPACT, BLP Whole Life Cost Tool • Policies: Efforts to incorporate LCA into development: • Collaborative effort of GRRT (Module 5), UNEP with ISO, USAID, ICRC, WTO. World Economic Forum, World Business Council for Sustainable Development

  11. What We Don’t Know • LCA lacks uniform definition/methodology, incomplete databases, lack of public awareness • Application of EE methodologies in humanitarian assistance, i.e., construction process, procurement, on the ground • Potential as tool for cost-benefit analysis, i.e. CEN’s life-cycle costing for procurement. • Ambiguity over EE: how is EE perceived in the field humanitarian assistance? environmental vrs economic • Social perceptions: holistic approaches vrs perceptions of modernity (“build back better” issue) • Sustainability: advanced technology, imported material

  12. Future Action/Recommendations • Increase awareness of incorporating energy-efficient guidelines in 1-2 leaflets during humanitarian assistant conferences, meetings, technical exchanges/ trainings, etc.* • Energy audits of humanitarian response to identify most energy intensive aspects • Conduct studies on feasible responses • Encourage role of energy-efficiency in mitigating environmental impact, i.e. IFRC, UNHCR, WFP/DHL • Policies and tools exists but a need for specific energy-efficient policies pertaining to emergency assistance. • Stock-piles of energy efficient NFIs, transportation, standardized catalogues of vetted choices, field agent training

  13. Conclusions • Need to clarify what is energy efficiency • Lots of entry points • Develop community of practice, common tools, and evidence of success (case studies) • Focus on energy efficiency from a financial perspective: it is more financially efficient: more done, better, and more sustainably

  14. Post Disaster Shelter and Energy Efficiency: A Scoping ProAct Network and WWF/US Adele Billups C. Kelly Margaret Ledyard-Marks Anita Van Breda Jennifer Pepson Contact: disasterkell@yahoo.com

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