NO Bell Ringer 4/7

1. NO Bell Ringer 4/7 Completely Random! NEW SEATING CHART!!!

2. NO Bell Ringer 4/7 Completely Random! NEW SEATING CHART!!!

3. NO Bell Ringer 4/7 Completely Random! NEW SEATING CHART!!!

4. Modernism: Art

5. General Modernism is usually identified as an artistic trend that began around the end of the 19th century and dominated cultural expression until World War II Associated with the idea of “modernity” Modernity: confidence in human progress through rationality and technological advances

6. Abstraction • Two General Forms of Abstraction (state of being ‘abstract’): • 1. The reduction of images from the natural world into shapes suggested by actual objects • 2. The “pure” use of color, line, shadow, and other traditional formal elements of art to create an image whose only reference is itself • Overall definition: Beauty can exist in form alone and that no other quality is needed.

7. White on White by Kasimir Malevich Why would this be famous???

8. White on White by Kasimir Malevich • Malevich (1878-1935) • Simple, but confusing • He sought basic pictorial elements that could “communicate the most profound expressive reality”

9. Mondrian’s Composition in White, Black, and Red What about this one???

10. Mondrian’s Composition in White, Black, and Red • Mondrian (1872-1944) • Believed that straight lines and right angles represented the fundamental principles of life • Believed that the horizontal line signified rest, tranquility, and death

11. Mondrian’s Composition in White, Black, and Red • The crossing of the two in a right angle expressed the highest tension between positive and negative forces • Very shallow space (as shallow as possible)

12. More Modern Art Jean Arp – Collage arranged according to the laws of chance Malevich – Airplane Flying

13. More Modern Art Mondrian – composition in red, blue, and yellow

14. Surrealism As the work of Sigmund Freud became more popular, artists became fascinated by the subconscious mind By 1924, a surrealist manifesto stated some specific connections between the subconscious mind and painting

15. Surrealism Surrealist works were thought to be created by “pure psychic automatism” Goal was to merge reason and unreason, consciousness and unconscious into an “absolute reality – a super reality” Supposedly, a dream could be transferred directly from the unconscious mind of the painter to canvas without control or conscious interruption

16. Surrealism • Surrealism went 2 directions • The first presents fantastic, hallucinatory scenes in a hard-edged, realistic manner • What most people associate with surrealism • The other is more abstract, but much less popular

17. Chirico’s Nostalgia of the Infinite • Strange objects are irrationally juxtaposed: they come together as in a dream • These bizarre works reflect a world that human beings cannot control

18. Surrealism • Frida Kahlo (1907-1954) – Mexican painter • Her works are studies in great pain and suffering, both mental and physical • On Sep. 17, 1925, she was in a serious bus crash. Injuries included a broken spinal column, a broken collarbone, broken ribs, a broken pelvis, eleven fractures in her right leg, and crushed and dislocated right foot, and a dislocated shoulder. • An iron handrail pierced her abdomen and her uterus, seriously damaging her reproductive ability

19. Kahlo’s “The Broken Column” • Portrays a nightmarish quality typical of surrealism • The subject appears both suffering, and as a savior • Her spinal column is represented by an architectural column

20. More Frida Kahlo Works Self Portrait with horn necklace and hummingbird What the Water Gave me

21. The Two Fridas

22. Surrealism Salvador Dali (1904-1989) – Spanish (but got famous in the US) Attended the San Fernando Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid The leader of the Surrealist Movement

23. Dali – the Persistence of Memory • One of the best known Surrealist works • Dark, dreamlike atmosphere, with nightmarish qualities • Plain, bare background • Sharp contrast

24. Salvador Dali Escaped from Europe during WWII and made his way to the US. The Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in New York gave Dali his first major exhibit There is a museum devoted to him in St. Petersburg, FL

25. Other Dali Works Sleep

26. Other Dali Works Swans Reflecting Elephants

27. Other Dali Works Apparition of the Face of Aphrodite

28. Other Dali Works Woman with a Head of Roses

29. American Painting Until the 20th century, American painting only adapted European trends In the early 20th century, strong and vigorous American painting emerged and it encompasses several styles

30. American Art – Georgia O’Keefe O’Keefe (1887-1986) proved to be one of the most original artists of the century Her imagery draws on a wide variety of objects that she abstracts in a uniquely personal way

31. O’Keefe’s Dark Abstraction • An organic form becomes an exquisite landscape • Appears monumental, even though the painting is quite small

32. O’Keefe’s Dark Abstraction • Her lines flow gracefully upwards and outward with a skillful blending of colors • It implies nature, even though its just abstract shapes

33. Grant Wood • Grant Wood (1892-1942) • Continued the works of the realist tradition, though they’re posed and not spontaneous • Still meant to show the harsher side of life

34. Wood’s American Gothic • A wonderful celebration of the simple, hardworking people of America’s heartland • The elongated forms are pulled up together into a pointed arch • Rural American reverence for home and labor is celebrated here with gentle humor

35. The Harlem Renaissance From 1919-1925, Harlem, a neighborhood in upper Manhattan, became the international capital of African American culture Painters, sculptors, musicians, poets, and novelists joined in a remarkable artistic outpouring

36. The Harlem Renaissance The movement took up several themes: glorification of the black American’s African heritage, the tradition of black folklore, and the daily life of black people Harlem Renaissance artists celebrated black history and culture and defined a visual vocabulary for African Americans

37. The Harlem Renaissance W.E.B. Du Bois, Alain Locke, and Charles Spurgeon spearheaded the movement Aaron Douglas (1899-1979) was arguably the foremost painter of the Harlem Renaissance He explores a palette of muted tones He was particularly known for his illustrations and cover designs for books by African American authors

38. Douglas’s Aalta • Warm and relaxed • Colors and lines express dignity, elegance, and stability

39. Douglas’s Aspects of Negro Life • Documents the emergence of an African American identity • Portrays the African background in images of music (Jazz!)

40. Modern Sculpture Abstract – shapes sometimes unrecognizable No overly notable artist – lots of names, but not as popular as the painting

41. Modern Sculpture Henry Moore – Double Oval David Smith – Cubi VI

42. Modern Sculpture Otto Gutfreund - Cellist Tony Smith – Free Ride

43. Modern Sculpture • Usually on display OUTDOORS (added to nature) due to their large size • You’ll still see them in museums and occasionally households

44. Movie https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0oly6d0zlZM We will not watch the whole thing – just enough for you to be introduced to MOMA I will pass back some grades and papers while you watch. I will stop it with just a few minutes left in class. At that point I will give you a question about the video to answer on your notes (WATCH – you don’t get the question until I STOP it!)