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The Medieval Church: The Age of Faith

The Medieval Church: The Age of Faith. A. Foundation of the Medieval Church. Jesus Used parables to explain message of morality Christians believe in his miracles Crucified Apostles spread Christian teachings after death of Jesus Peter brought Christianity to Rome.

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The Medieval Church: The Age of Faith

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  1. The Medieval Church:The Age of Faith

  2. A. Foundation of the Medieval Church • Jesus • Used parables to explain message of morality • Christians believe in his miracles • Crucified • Apostles spread Christian teachings after death of Jesus • Peter brought Christianity to Rome

  3. A. Foundation of the Medieval Church • The Bible • Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) • written 100 years after the death of • Jesus • Old Testament • + New Testament • = Christian Bible

  4. A. Foundation of the Medieval Church • Priests • Early leader, St. Paul and • Apostles were first “priests” • Over time, only specially • trained men could administer • sacraments

  5. Sacraments • 1. Baptism: Admittance into church • 2. Confirmation: Adult members admitted into church • 3. Eucharist: central part of Mass Service • 4. Reconciliation: Forgiveness by God for sins • 5. Marriage: union • 6. Holy Orders: Man become a priest • 7. Last Rites: Final blessing for sick & dying

  6. B. Salvation and Damnation Salvation = saved from sins and hell • Salvation gained through…. • Following church beliefs • Performing good deeds • Living a moral life • Christians believe that salvation would help their souls enter heaven and live in paradise forever without any desires or needs

  7. B. Salvation and Damnation Damnation • Result of sinning and turning away from God • Souls damned were banished to hell • Hell was see as souls being tortured by fire and demons

  8. C. Life in a Monastery • Community Set Apart from Society • Monasticism = lives led by monks and nuns • Monk = Greek for “living alone” • Nun = French for nonne “virgin” • Nuns and monks wanted to avoid war, sickness, and sin • They wanted to serve God

  9. C. Life in a Monastery • Life of Guided Rules • St. Benedict gave up his wealth, founded a monastery in Italy in 529 • Wrote “The Rule” = rules for monks to live by • Duties: work, study, pray • Vows: chastity = never marry poverty = own nothing obedience = listen to your superiors

  10. C. Life in a Monastery Life of Work • Self-Sufficient tasks: • Farming, cooking, sewing, building • Charitable tasks: • hospitals, refuge for the homeless, food for the poor, lodging for travelers and administer the sacraments

  11. C. Life in a Monastery Life in a Monastery • Led by abbot (head monk) - elected by monk bothers • Convent led by an abess (head nun) • Church - where monks pray • Refectory - where monks eat • Dormitory - where monks sleep • Library/scriptorium - where they wrote/made books

  12. D. Conflict between Church and State States Position - King Henry VI • Angered by popes actions because he needed support against powerful German Lords • Henry felt he should appoint church officials

  13. D. Conflict between Church and State • Church’s Position - Pope Gregory VII • Wanted to reform the Church from leaders who plotted with kings to increase own power and wealth • 1075 outlawed kings ability to appoint lay investitures (church officials) • Threatened to excommunicate any king who disobeyed

  14. Key Events in the Conflict between Henry and Gregory • Agreement: Only Church officials could appoint Church leaders • Kings could give titles an land to these appointed officials • King Henry demanded Pope Gregory VII to resign • Pope Gregory excommunicated King Henry • Henry realized he could not defeated the Pope • He begged for forgiveness

  15. Francis’ father was a wealthy Italian merchant • His father put Francis on trial for stealing his cloth • As a young man Francis amused himself with parties. • Turned to God after being wounded in battle. • Took Father’s cloth- needed money to build a church. • Gave up his wealth • Dedicated his life to caring for the poorest of poor • Founded new order of monks called the Franciscans.

  16. E. Rise of New Religious Orders • Some New Things We Do as Friars • Travel to help sick and poor • Show others a humble cheerfulness & simple, holy life. • Work with other orders of nuns, like Little Sisters of the Poor (founded by Francis) • Educate Christians to understand the word of God. ( Dominic of Spain founded the Dominicans)

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