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PRES. LYNDON JOHNSON

PRES. LYNDON JOHNSON. CHAPTER 24. Lyndon Baines Johnson. OVERVIEW 1963-1972. JFK WAS ASSASSINATED NOV. 22, 1963 WHILE VISITING IN DALLAS TEXAS. OVERVIEW 1963-1972. OVERVIEW 1963-1972. KENNEDY was (probably) killed by LEE HARVEY OSWALD, who was killed by JACK RUBY who dide not long after.

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PRES. LYNDON JOHNSON

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  1. PRES. LYNDON JOHNSON CHAPTER 24

  2. Lyndon Baines Johnson

  3. OVERVIEW 1963-1972 • JFK WAS ASSASSINATED NOV. 22, 1963 WHILE VISITING IN DALLAS TEXAS

  4. OVERVIEW 1963-1972

  5. OVERVIEW 1963-1972 KENNEDY was (probably) killed by LEE HARVEY OSWALD, who was killed by JACK RUBY who dide not long after

  6. OVERVIEW 1963-1972 • ROBERT KENNEDY, brother of president Kennedy was assassinated while seeking the nomination for president

  7. OVERVIEW 1963-1972 • Governor GEORGE WALLACE was shot (and paralyzed) while seeking nomination for president

  8. OVERVIEW 1963-1972 • MARTIN LUTHER KING was assassinated soon after President Kennedy was assassinated.

  9. OVERVIEW 1963-1972 Los Angeles, Newark, Detroit—riots destroyed large portions of the cities

  10. OVERVIEW 1963-1972 • STUDENT ANTI-WAR PROTESTS DISRUPTED THE DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION IN CHICAGO—AS POLICE RESPONDED “LIKE THUGS”

  11. LYNDON JOHNSON began the GREAT SOCIETY • HIGHLY EFFECTIVE U.S. SENATOR • KEPT RECORDS ABOUT HIS POLITICAL FAVORS AND DEBTS • EFFECTIBE ‘ARM TWISTER’ • BECAME PRESIDENT WHEN KENNEDY DIED

  12. THE GREAT SOCIETY • JOHNSON BELIEVED THAT AMERICA WAS WEALTHY ENOUGH • WAS STRONG ENOUGH • TO CORRECT ABUSES DUE TO POVERTY • DUE TO RACIAL INJUSTICE

  13. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT 1964 • FEDERAL GOVERNMENT POWER TO END • VOTER DISCRIMINATION • BANNING ACCESS TO PUBLIC BUILDINGS • SEGREGATED SCHOOLS • SEGREGATED COMMUNITIES • JOB DISCRIMINATION

  14. VOTING RIGHTS ACT 1965 • ELIMINATED POLL TAX • ELIMINATED LITERACY TESTS • STOPPED INJUSTICE IN VOTING • SUPPORTE BY THE 24TH AMENDMENT

  15. WAR ON POVERTY • JOB TRAINING & PLACEMENT • “HEAD START” PRESCHOOL • MINIMUM WAGE LAWS • VISTA—VOLUNTEER POVERTY FIGHTING WORKERS

  16. ELECTION OF 1964

  17. More GREAT SOCIETY • IN 1965, 89 GREAT SOCIETY LAWS PASS CONGRESS • INCLUDES MEDICARE • INCLUDES GOVN’T FINANCES TO LOCAL SCHOOLS

  18. SUPREME COURT • EARL WARREN IS CHIEF JUSTICE (appointed by Eisenhower) • “JUDICIAL ACTIVISM” interprets law according to what the court believes needs to be done—not on intent of the Framers of the Constitution

  19. SUPREME COURT • BROWN v BOARD OF EDUCATION (1954) • ORDERED DESEGREGATION OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS • JOHNSON ADMINISTRATION BEGAN TO ENFORCE IT

  20. SUPREME COURT • GIDEON v WAINWRIGHT (1963) • AN ATTORNEY MUST BE APPOINTED FOR ACCUSED PEOPLE WHO COULD NOT AFFORD ONE • MORE EXPENCE TO STATES • DOES IT WORK?

  21. SUPREME COURT • MIRANDA v ARIZONA(1966) • ACCUSED PEOPLE MUST BE TOLD WHAT THEIR RIGHTS ARE • CASE INVOLVED ONE WHO DID NOT UNDERSTAND ENGLISH

  22. SUPREME COURT • ENGLE v VITALE (1962) • OUTLAWED PRAYER IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS • PRAYERS WERE TYPICALLY WRITTEN BY THE STATE

  23. SUPREME COURT • ROTH v UNITED STATES (1957) • OBSCENITY IS BAD—BUT WE CANNOT DEFINE IT • STATES MAY NOT DEFINE OBSCENITY • “LOCAL STANDARDS” MUST BE APPLIED

  24. EVALUATING THE GREAT SOCIETY POSITIVELY RAISED PEOPLE OUT OF POVERTY FORCED CHANGE IN RACE RELATIONS

  25. EVALUATING THE GREAT SOCIETY • NEGATIVELY • VERY EXPENSIVE • DECLINE IN PUBLIC MORALITY • OBLIGATED US FOR EXPENSIVE PROGRAMS

  26. THE JOHNSON YEARS: VIETNAM WAR • ESCALATION: • EISENHOWER—600 TROOPS • KENNEDY—FEW THOUSAND ADVISORS • JOHNSON—500,000 BY 1968

  27. TONKIN GULF INCIDENT • PROVIDED REASON FOR JOHNSON TO ASK FOR AUTHORITY • ATTACK MAY NOT HAVE OCCURED • MUCH CONFUSION THEN—MORE SO NOW

  28. “LIMITED WAR” • SOVIETS & CHINA SUPPLIED SUPPLIES AND TRAINING (PERHAPS MEN) TO N. VIETNAM • JOHNSON DID NOT WANT ANOTHER KOREA—TRIED TO NOT PROVOKE THEM • AVOIDED MANY TARGETS

  29. PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING THE WAR N. VIETNAMESE ARMY VIET CONG

  30. PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING THE WAR • WHO IS THE ENEMY? • HO CHI MINH TRAIL—HOW TO YOU KEEP FROM INVOLVINF LAOS & CAMBODIA, ENLARGING THE WAR

  31. HO CHI MINH TRAIL

  32. PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING THE WAR • WHO IS ENEMY? • HO CHI MINH TRAIL? • SOUTH VIETNAMESE GOVERNMENT IS CORRUPT, DICTATORIAL

  33. PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING THE WAR • WHO IS ENEMY? • HO CHI MINH TRAIL • CORRUPTION • LIMITED WAR RESTRICTIONS

  34. PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING THE WAR • WHO IS ENEMY? • HO CHI MINH TRAIL • CORRUPTION • LIMITED WAR • BAD STRATEGIES WERE TRIED LIKE “STRATEGIC HAMLETS” AND “SEARCH AND DESTROY”

  35. PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING THE WAR • WHO IS ENEMY? • HO CHI MINH TRAIL • CORRUPTION • LIMITED WAR • STRATEGIES • TELEVISED WAR

  36. TET OFFENSIVE

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