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Expansion & Conflict: The Road to the Civil War

Expansion & Conflict: The Road to the Civil War. Manifest Destiny & the Contentious Politics o f the 1840s-1850s. Territorial Expansion What were the arguments for and against expansion? How did these acquisitions cause political tension?. Texas Oregon Territory Mexican Territory

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Expansion & Conflict: The Road to the Civil War

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  1. Expansion & Conflict: The Road to the Civil War Manifest Destiny & the Contentious Politics of the 1840s-1850s

  2. Territorial ExpansionWhat were the arguments for and against expansion? How did these acquisitions cause political tension? • Texas • Oregon Territory • Mexican Territory • Mexican War • California Gold Rush • Wilmot Proviso

  3. Main Issues Leading to Sectionalism & Conflict: • States Rights vs. Federal Power • Slavery & Expansion of Slavery • Differences in North/South Economy & Social Values Create Distinct Political Ideologies

  4. Differences in Political Ideology Northern Politics Southern Politics Democrats split over slavery Values of communal identity, code of honor Politics seen as local, not national Proslavery argument a critique of North • Republican party emerged • Values of individualism • Political identity=economic autonomy • Free labor=prosperity • Free soil=access to land and economic independence

  5. Create a chart or diagram that demonstrates the significant events leading to both compromise and escalation of conflict between 1820 and 1861. • How effective were the compromises? • What are the most significant factors that led to Civil War?

  6. Background of Fed. vs. State & Expansion of Slavery • Decl. of Ind. (1776)—omitted slave trade clause • Federalists/Anti-Feds (1780’s) • 3/5th & Slave Trade clauses of Constitution • VA & KY Resolutions (1798) & “Compact Theory” • Contentious Supreme Court Cases (Fed. vs. State) • Missouri Compromise (1820) • S.C. Nullification Crisis (1828) • Growing abolitionism/ Turner’s Rebellion (1830’s) • “Gag Resolution” for slave petitions in Congress (1836) • Acquisitions of Texas & CA (1840’s)

  7. Escalation of Conflict in the 1850s • Wilmot Proviso (late 1840s) • Compromise of 1850 • Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) • “Bleeding Kansas” (1856) • Buchanan’s presidency (1856) • Dred Scott Supreme Court Decision (1857) • John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry (1859) • Lincoln’s Election (1860)

  8. The Compromise of 1850 1) CA enters union as a free state 2) NM & Utah territories will choose status by “popular sovereignty” 3) No slave trade in DC 4) Most controversial: A new, stronger fugitive slave law passed

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