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CHINA GO TEAM VISIT 2014 PBN Explained

CHINA GO TEAM VISIT 2014 PBN Explained. Erwin Lassooij ICAO PBN Programme Manager. PBN. Conventional. Need for PBN. Extract from Report of the 44 th DGCA Conference …

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CHINA GO TEAM VISIT 2014 PBN Explained

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  1. CHINA GO TEAM VISIT 2014PBN Explained Erwin Lassooij ICAO PBN Programme Manager

  2. PBN Conventional Need for PBN Extract from Report of the 44th DGCA Conference … “During the 44th Conference of Directors General of Civil Aviation, Asia and Pacific Region in October 2007, IATA expressed that implementation of Performance Based Navigation provides significant safety, efficiency and environmental benefits to operators and service providers.” 2

  3. E F    D   C  PBN Routes  A Shorter Routes …. More Routes Possible ...  B   • Efficiency and Flexibility - Improve efficiency and flexibility by reducing reliability on the locations of ground-based navigation aids 3

  4. 4

  5. Benefits to ANSPs • PBN benefits to ANSPs are recognized and being utilized globally. According to the FAA, PBN provides the following benefits: • Increase predictability of operations • Reduce controller/aircraft communications • Reduce fuel burn with more continuous vertical descents • Reduce miles flown in Terminal Radar Approach Control airspace • Reduce interaction between dependent flows in multiplex airspace • “RNAV and RNP specifications facilitate more efficient design of airspace and procedures which collectively result in improved safety, access, capacity, predictability, operational efficiency, and environmental effects. Specifically, improved access and flexibility for point-to-point operations help enhance reliability and reduce delays by defining more precise terminal area procedures. They also provide fuel and emissions savings.” 5

  6. Commitment from Stakeholders • ICAO • IATA • CANSO • IFATCA • IFALPA • IBAC • ICCAIA • ACI • FHA • FSF

  7. But we need also work together with military……….

  8. Although Civil and Military Operations are Different…..

  9. Civil and Military Support Each Other!

  10. Need for Cooperation - Aviation Growth 1990 to 2010 to 2030

  11. From old to new

  12. History : Growing demand for solutions to airspace congestion Growing fuel efficiency requirements Growing Environmental requirements Growing demand for RNAV approaches (safety, accessibility) Most can be met with current technology, but standardization and operational requirements have to be put into place 12

  13. F U T U R E Europe B-RNAV US Boeing P-RNAV Australia US-RNAV China Airbus RNP10 Canada Japan RNP 4 South America Are we now going the right way? P R E S E N T RNP RNP/RNAV Not safe, not efficient, costly, confusing

  14. ICAO recognizes the problems • Need for focal point in ICAO to address problems experienced with RNP Concept (GNSSP/4 recommendation 1/1) • ICAO approves establishment of Required Navigation Performance Special Operational Requirements Study Group (RNPSORSG) as coordinating group

  15. Adjustment to the RNP concept required • Clear distinction between operations that require performance monitoring and alerting and operations that don’t require performance monitoring and alerting • Harmonization of current RNAV and RNP operations • Development of new navigation specifications to meet operational demand. • Need for clear operational approval requirements • Need for clear implementation guidance

  16. Require on-board performance monitoring + alerting Do not require on-board performance monitoring + alerting Agreeing PBN • PBN specifies RNAV system performance i.e. accuracy, integrity, continuity, availability + functionality; - written up in navigation specifications This is different than the RNP concept, which stressed navigation accuracy and ‘stopped’ at required performance. However, PBN is anchored in detailed navigation specifications,which contain performanceand functionalityrequirements. RNP X specifications RNAV X specifications

  17. Navigation Specification by Phase of Flight

  18. 3 NAVIGATION APPLICATION NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION 2 NAVAID INFRASTRUCTURE 1 Components of PBN Concept 3 1 2

  19. 3 NAVIGATION APPLICATION NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION 2 NAVAID INFRASTRUCTURE 1 Components of PBN Concept 3 1 2

  20. Components of PBN Concept- Navaid Infrastructure - • Ground-based Navigation Aids (Navaids) • VOR; DME; (Not NDB) • Space-based Navaids • GNSS • ABAS and SBAS NAVAID INFRASTRUCTURE 2 1

  21. 3 NAVIGATION APPLICATION NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION 2 NAVAID INFRASTRUCTURE 1 Components of PBN Concept 3 1 2

  22. Components of PBN Concept- Navigation Specification - International Navigation Specifications published in Volume II of PBN Manual Previous RNP Concept • PERFORMANCE • Functionalities • Navigation Sensors • Air crew requirements NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION 3 2 Document used by State as basis for developing Certification & Operational Approval

  23. RNAV RNP Components of PBN Concept- Navigation Specification NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION 3 2 On-Board performance Monitoring and Alerting • On-board performance monitoring and alertingallows the air crew to detect that the RNP system is not achieving the navigation performance required of the RNP system

  24. RNAV Application RNAV 1 1 Nautical Mile 95% of flight time Track Centerline 1 Nautical Mile 95% of flight time

  25. RNP Application RNP 1 Alert to Pilot 1 Nautical Mile 95% of flight time Track Centerline 1 Nautical Mile 95% of flight time The Key Difference: On-Board Performance Monitoring and Alerting

  26. Navigation Specification ICAO NAVIGATION SPECIFICATIONS RNAV SPECIFICATIONS RNP SPECIFICATIONS

  27. 3 NAVIGATION APPLICATION NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION 2 NAVAID INFRASTRUCTURE 1 Components of PBN Concept 3 1 2

  28. Components of PBN Concept- Navigation Application - NAVIGATION APPLICATION 1 3 • The APPLICATION (use of) the Navigation Specification and Navaid Infrastructure - • For example: Routes based on RNAV and RNP Specifications (these rely on the Navaid Infrastructure); • For example: SIDs/STARs based on RNAV and RNP Specifications; • For example: Approach procedures based on RNP Specifications

  29. Route Spacing – ICAO 4444 5.4.1.2.1.5 RNAV operations where RNP is specified on parallel tracks or ATS routes. Within designated airspace or on designated routes, where RNP is specified, lateral separation between RNAV-equipped aircraft may be obtained by requiring aircraft to be established on the center lines of parallel tracks or ATS routes spaced at a distance which ensures that the protected airspace of the tracks or ATS routes does not overlap.

  30. Route Spacing

  31. Route Spacing Generic model used to determine separation and ATS Route spacing

  32. PANS OPS Doc 8168, Vol II, Part III RNP area semi-width is determined by the formula: 1.5(XTT) + BV Where: BV = buffer value (see PANS-OPS Vol II) The calculation for a RNAV 2 enroute is shown below: XTT = 2.00 NM; BV= 2.00 NM area semi-width = 1.5(2.00) + 2.00 = 5.00 NM = 10 NM between route centerlines Lateral Separation

  33. Airway vs Air Route 10km 10km 10km 10km 10km 10km Offset area

  34. PBN Route Integration 10km 10km 10km 10km • Air Route – • integration within existing air route structure • RNAV 2 - 9.3km offset • Doc8168- (1.5 x XTT2.0nm +buffer 2.0nm) 9.3km 9.3km Offset area

  35. PBN Route Integration 10km 10km 10km 10km • Air Route – • integration within existing air route structure • RNAV 2 – 18.6km between2routes • (doc8168- (1.5 x XTT2.0 +buffer 2.00) x 2 = 10nm) 18.6 km Offset area

  36. 3 NAVIGATION APPLICATION NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION 2 NAVAID INFRASTRUCTURE 1 Components of PBN Concept 3 1 2

  37. Airspace Concept COM NAV SUR ATM NAVIGATION APPLICATION PBN NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION NAVAID INFRASTRUCTURE Context of PBN in Airspace implementation

  38. PBN Implementation Processes

  39. Airspace Concept Activity Overview

  40. Safety • Capacity • Efficiency • Environment • Accessibility 1 - Agree on Operational Requirements

  41. Safety Capacity Efficiency Environment Access Reduce Controlled Flight Into Terrain via lateral & vertical course guidance to runway Reduce delays that result from excessive “levelling off” flight profiles by implementing CCO/CDO Improve airport and airspace access in all weather conditions RNP approach (LNAV/VNAV) to replace circling approach Reduce noise over sensitive area Increase number of air traffic routes to reduce congestion; accommodate projected growth Use of RF in intermediate or missed approach segment RNAV-1 SID that allows continuous climb to enroute Parallel RNAV-2 ATS routes between cities RNP approach allowing lower minima Objectives  Implementation Example

  42. Who develops an Airspace Concept? • A team effort by representatives of various organizations and technical specialties • Composition of the team depends on the scale and nature of the project • A simple airspace concept (e.g. a SID, STAR and IAP) would have experts from • ANSP (including PANS OPS procedure designer) • Military • civil aviation regulator • airport operator • operators’ representative • A more extensive Airspace Concept ( e.g. new runway, plan for terminal and enroute airspace) could also include • safety management system experts • simulation studies experts • environmental personnel

  43. Create Airspace Design Team • Lead by ATM/airspace specialist • ATC (Approach and Area controllers) • ATM & CNS specialist • Procedure designers • Technical pilots • …… Depending on airspace structure, military are consulted first

  44. Arrivals • Departures • Transit • VFR • Military AVOID trying to fit the routes into the existing airspace volumes

  45. CONCEPT VALIDATION

  46. Have the Safety and Performance Criteria been satisfied; • Have the required changes been made to the ATM system; • Have the required changes been made to the ground navigation systems; • Have the both Civil and military pilots and controllers received appropriate training. • Do the assumptions and conditions upon which the Airspace Concept has been developed still pertain. If not, re-consult, including with military

  47. PBN Documentation Framework • PANS Ops Volume II (Doc 8168) • PBN Manual (Doc 9613) 4th Edition • RNP AR Procedure Design Manual (Doc 9905) • PBN Ops Approval Manual (Doc 9997)* • Manual on PBN Use in Airspace Design (Doc 9992)* • CDO Manual (Doc 9931) • CCO Manual (Doc 9993)* • GNSS Manual (Doc 9849) • Procedure QA Manual (Vol 1 to Vol 6) • (Doc 9906) • * New 4th Edition

  48. PBN Productsto assist with implementation • PBN related Publications and Annexes • Bundled specifically for Stakeholders • Hard and soft copies • eLibrary Solutions • PBN ikit • CBT Training (iLearn) • Available through ICAO e-store: www.store1.icao.int

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