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Demographic surveillance of local communities

Explore how demographic surveillance studies provide vital health information in developing countries. Learn about ongoing studies, child mortality trends, and the impact of health interventions. Benefit from real-life examples and insights into cause-specific mortality rates.

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Demographic surveillance of local communities

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  1. Demographic surveillance of local communities A source of information on mortality in developing countries • Gilles Pison • Institut national d’études démographiques (Paris) • Human Mortality Symposium • Rostock, 18-19 June 2004

  2. Definition of a demographic surveillance study • Collection of demographic and health information • on a whole community • prospectively • over a long period

  3. A source of information which is specially useful for less developed countries with little reliable data

  4. On going studies

  5. On going studies

  6. On going studies

  7. Examples • The three demographic surveillance studies in rural Senegal in Africa

  8. their populations have been followed up during 20 years or more

  9. Niakhar 30,042 h. 9,721 h. 7,888 h. Bandafassi Mlomp

  10. Three different areas in many aspects

  11. Demographic surveillance • an initial census • Bandafassi in 1970 • Mlomp in 1985 • Niakhar in 1984 • a follow-up until today (2004)

  12. Special emphasis on • age determination : to escape classical biases • registration of events : to limit omissions

  13. a visit each year or every four months • to collect information on : • births, • deaths, • mariages, • migrations, since the last visit

  14. Child mortality trends • Probability of dying betwwen birth and age five expressed per 1000 live births

  15. Child mortality trends • Probability of dying betwwen birth and age five expressed per 1000 live births • Whole Senegal

  16. Mlomp benefited earlier than Bandafassi and Niakhar of health infrastructures and programmes

  17. a dispensary since 1961

  18. a maternity clinic since 1968

  19. high vaccination coverage since the end of the 1970 • growth monitoring programmes since 1969

  20. Information on causes of death since 1984 by « verbal autopsies » • The accuracy of the diagnostic varies according to the disease • examples : • neonatal tetanos • measles • malaria

  21. Cause specific mortalityperiod from one month to 5 years

  22. The impact of the introduction of vaccinations in Bandafassi in 1987 • the proportion of children aged 12-35 months completely vaccinated climbed up from nearly 0% to 48% • child mortality immediately declined 40%

  23. Measles mortality among children less than 5 years

  24. Child mortality trends in Bandafassi • more than 40% of new-born children would die before age 5 in the 1970 • It has decreased to 20% in the 1990

  25. Malaria, a cause of death which has increased • Mlomp (7) • Bandafassi (2.5) • Niakhar (2)

  26. Whole life tables • Bandafassi (Senegal) • 1971-1991

  27. Whole life tables • Agincourt (South Africa) • 1995-1999

  28. Informations from demographic surveillance of local communities • Interests • limits

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