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Title IX Current Issues for Secondary School Athletics and Physical Education. Linda Jean Carpenter, Ph.D., J.D. ACCESS. ACCESS You don’t need a uniform if you are not on the team. Progress for all: . Boys Girls. 2011-12 4,484,987 3,207,533 1971-72 3,666,917 294,015.
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Title IX Current Issues for Secondary School Athletics and Physical Education Linda Jean Carpenter, Ph.D., J.D.
ACCESS You don’t need a uniform if you are not on the team.
Progress for all: Boys Girls 2011-12 4,484,987 3,207,533 1971-72 3,666,917 294,015 (nfhs.org)
Issue: Access •More female HS athletes •More male HS athletes Since 2007-08 (economic downturn) there are 263,139 more high school students participating in athletics than ever before.
Issue: Access •More female HS athletes •More male HS athletes Growth in last 5 years: Females: 150,267
Issue: Access •More female HS athletes •More male HS athletes Growth in last 5 years: Females: 150,267 Males: 112,872
Issue: Access •More female HS athletes •More male HS athletes Growth in last 5 years: Females: 150,267 57.1% of increase Males: 112,872 42.9% of increase
Issue: Access Knowledge vs. Sound bite
Issue: Access •More female HS athletes •More male HS athletes Growth in last 5 years: Females: 150,267 57.1% of increase Males: 112,872 42.9% of increase But, Girls=only 42.7% of all HS athletes
Most Popular High School Girls Sports in US – 2011/12 1 Basketball 2 Track and Field 3 Volleyball 4 Softball FP 5 Cross Country 6 Soccer 7 Tennis 8 Golf 9 Swimming/Diving 10 Competitive Spirit Squad (nfhs.org)
Most Popular High School Girls Sports in US – 2011/12 1 Basketball 2 Track and Field 3 Volleyball 4 Softball FP 5 Cross Country 6 Soccer 7 Tennis 8 Golf 9 Swimming/Diving 10 Competitive Spirit Squad (nfhs.org)
Issue: Access- Proportionality Is Cheer* a ‘sport’ for Title IX purposes? • AKA: • Competitive Spirit Squad • Stunts & Acrobat Team
Issue: Access- Proportionality Is Cheer* a ‘sport’ for Title IX purposes? • Answers: • Office for Civil Rights • Biediger v Quinnipiac University
Issue: Contact Sport Exemption Does Title IX’s Contact Sport Exemption available for co-ed Physical Education classes help or hurt girls?
Issue: Contact Sport Exemption Should Title IX’s Contact Sport Exemption be retired?
Issue: Retaliation Does Title IX help to fight Retaliation?
Embrace equity more than tradition or privilege.
Thanks for being with us today. Kelly Witte wittek@uww.edu Penny Portman portmanp@uww.edu Linda Jean Carpenter LcarpentBC@aol.com