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INTRODUCTION TO BRIDGES

INTRODUCTION TO BRIDGES. G S Yadav PB-2. Bridges. A structure that is built over a river, road, or railway to allow people and vehicles to cross from one side to the other. No. of Railway bridges. As on 01.04.17. Over IR network, 36,470 (25.2 per cent) are over 100 year old

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INTRODUCTION TO BRIDGES

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  1. INTRODUCTION TO BRIDGES G S Yadav PB-2

  2. Bridges A structure that is built over a river, road, or railway to allow people and vehicles to cross from one side to the other.

  3. No. of Railway bridges As on 01.04.17 Over IR network, • 36,470 (25.2 per cent) are over 100 year old of which 6,680 bridges are over 140 year old. • 14,324 bridges are 81 to 100 year old, • 15,637 bridges are 61 to 80 year old. The balance 78,267 bridges are less than 60 years old.

  4. MAIN ELEMENT OF BRIDGES 1) Superstructure • Track Structure • Girder • Bearing 2) Substructure • Bed Block • Training & Protective Works • Pier/Abutment/Wing Wall - Foundations Monolithic Bridge like Pipe Culvert, Box Culvert and Arch act like one unit.

  5. Classification Of Bridges

  6. ACCORDING TO FUNCTION 1)Track Bridge (for rail vehicle) • Over water bodies i.e River/ Nallah /Canal • Over Valley (viaduct) • Over Railway (Rail Fly-over) • Over Road (RUB) 2) Road Bridge (For Road Vehicle) • Over Railway (ROB)

  7. 3) Rail cum road bridge • Over river 4) Foot over Bridge (For pedestrian) • Over Railway (on platform for public) 5) Pipe Line Bridge - Over Railway

  8. ACCORDING TO MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION OF SUPER STRUCTURE 1) Timber Bridge (now almost obsolete in India) 2) Masonry Arch – Stone & Brick • In lime Mortar & Cement Mortar respectively 3) Steel Bridge • Riveted Fabrication • Welded Fabrication _ HSFG bolted Fabrication 4) RCC Bridge 5) Pre-stressed Concrete Bridge 6) Composite (Steel + Concrete; RCC+PSC) Bridge

  9. ACCORDING TO TYPE OF SUPERSTRUCTURE 1) Pipe Culvert 2) RCC Slab 3) Rail opening (Only on branch line) 4) Rail Cluster (Only on branch line) 5) RCC Box Culvert 6) Steel Plate Girder 7) Steel Open Web Girder 8) Arch Bridge

  10. 9) RCC/PSC ‘T” or “I” Beam Bridge 10) RCC/PSC Box Girder 11) Suspension Bridge 12) Cable Stayed Bridge 13) Bow String Bridge 14) Movable Bridge

  11. MOVEABLE BRIDGES : • Swing Bridge • Bascule Bridge • Lifting Bridge

  12. Arch Bridge

  13. Bow String Concrete Arch Bridge ( Godavari Bridge)

  14. Cable Stayed Bridge

  15. Cable Stayed Bridge

  16. Suspension Bridge: Forces

  17. Suspension Bridge

  18. Movable Bridges

  19. Bascule Bridges

  20. PAMBAN BRIDGE

  21. Swing Bridges

  22. Lifting bridges

  23. ACCORDING TO LEVEL OF FLOOR SYSTEMS 1) Deck Type – (Track Structure on Top Flange or Chord) 2) Through Type (Track structure Floor System Connected to Bottom Chord Panel) 3) Semi Through Type (Track Structure Floor System Connected to Web and no top Bracings)

  24. Warren Trusses (Deck Type)

  25. K-Truss (Through Type)

  26. Bogibeel Rail-Cum-Road Bridge( Longest Rail cum Road Bridge in India ) First Fully welded Bridge on IR Length – 4.9 km

  27. Chenab Bridge (Highest Railway Bridge in World) Height above river bed – 359m Longest Span - 467 m

  28. AnjiKhad Bridge ( First Cable Stayed Mega Bridge In India) Longest span 290m

  29. ACCORDING TO STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPERSTRUCTURE 1) Simply supported 2) Continuous 3) Cantilever 4) Balanced Cantilever 5) Cable Stayed 6) Suspension 7) Rigid Frame.

  30. ACCORDING TO TYPE OF SERVICE 1) Permanent 2) Temporary • Restricted Head Girder (RH Girder) • Callender-Hamilton Bridge • Pantoon Bridge

  31. Callender Hamilton Bridge

  32. Pontoon Bridges 

  33. Pontoon Bridge

  34. Bailey Bridge

  35. Bailey Bridge as FOB

  36. ACCORDING TO METHOD OF CONNECTION (STEEL GIRDER) 1) Riveted 2) Welded 3) Bolted

  37. ACCORDING TO LEVEL OF DECKING WITH REFERENCE TO HFL 1) High Level bridge 2) Causeway or Irish Bridge 3) Siphon Bridge

  38. ACCORDING TO SPAN OR OPENING 1) Minor Bridge • Individual span < 12 m & Total Linear Waterway < 18 m 2) Major Bridge • Individual span >12 m or Total Linear Waterway> 18 m 3) Important Bridges – • Total Linear waterway 300 m or • Total Waterway 1000 m2 or • Those classified as ‘IMPORTANT BY CE/CBE due to their depth of Water Way, Extent of River Training Works & Past History Maintenance Problem.

  39. ACCORDING TO RAILWAY GAUGE 1) Broad Gauge (BG – 1676 MM) 2) Metre Gauge (MG – 1000 MM) 3) Narrow Gauge (NG – 762 MM)

  40. ACCORDING TO LOADING STANDARD 1) Broad Gauge • BGML (Main Line)- 1926 • RBG – 1975 (Revised Broad Gauge) • MBG – 1987 (Modified Broad Gauge) • HMLS-1995 (Heavy Mineral Loading Standard) • 25 T loading • DFC loading 2) Meter Gauge • MGML (Main Line) • MMG – 1988 (Modified Meter Gauge)

  41. MAIN ELEMENT OF BRIDGE 1) Superstructure • Track Structure • Girder • Bearing 2) Substructure • Bed Block • Pier/Abutment/Wing Wall • Foundations • Training & Protective Works Monolithic Bridge Like Pipe Culvert, Box Culvert and Arch Act like one unit.

  42. Films on Bogibeel and Chenab Bridge

  43. Thank You

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