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Railways Lead the Way

Railways Lead the Way. Chapter 19, Section 1 Pgs. 556-559. Consolidation. The practice of combining separate companies. Standard Gauge. The uniform width of railroad tracks adopted in the 1880s. Rebates. Secret discounts that large railroads offered to their biggest customers. Pools.

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Railways Lead the Way

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  1. Railways Lead the Way Chapter 19, Section 1 Pgs. 556-559

  2. Consolidation • The practice of combining separate companies

  3. Standard Gauge • The uniform width of railroad tracks adopted in the 1880s.

  4. Rebates • Secret discounts that large railroads offered to their biggest customers.

  5. Pools • Secret agreements railroad barons made amongst themselves.

  6. Railway Lines in the Nation • There were 5 railway lines in the nation by the 1890s. • By 1900, 250,000 more miles of track had been laid.

  7. Vanderbilt • Vanderbilt gained control of the New York line and made a fortune by consolidating several companies.

  8. Railroads Lead to Industrial Growth • Iron – used to make steel • Steel – tracks and trains • Lumber – tracks • Coal – to run the steam engine trains

  9. Advantage of a Standard Gauge • It allowed trains from different railroads to use the same rails, eliminating the transfer of goods from one train to another.

  10. Technological Developments • Air brakes • Janney car couplers • Refrigerated cars • Pullman sleeping car

  11. Railroad Barons • By consolidating and driving other railroads out of business using rebates and pools railroad barons were able to make huge fortunes.

  12. Time and Distance • They began to measure distances by how many hours the trip would take instead of how many miles traveled.

  13. Effects of Railroad Expansion • People moved westward • Industry moved westward • Transporting raw materials to factories and manufactured goods to market became more efficient • Cities and towns grew along the railroads • New technologies were developed • The American economy grew • Many people became wealthy

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