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Agricultural Biotechnology. Altering Genes in Plants to Fight Pests and Improve Nutrition. Add gene. mass of cells (callus). new plant. Unique Methods for Plants. Entire plants can be cultivated from a single non-reproductive cell. cell with new gene. Unique Methods for Plants.
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Agricultural Biotechnology Altering Genes in Plants to Fight Pests and Improve Nutrition
Add gene mass of cells (callus) new plant Unique Methods for Plants Entire plants can be cultivated from a single non-reproductive cell cell with new gene
Unique Methods for Plants Rhizosecretion • Transgenic plant grown in water • Expression of gene in root cells • Secretion of gene product into surrounding medium
Ti Plasmid Tumor-inducing plasmid from bacteria that integrates into plant DNA • Tumor-inducing genes removed • Insertion genes retained • Foreign genes positioned after bacterial promoter • Antibiotic resistance gene as marker
Clarification Pause • With a partner, identify differences in biotechnological methods used for plants and animals • items to consider • gene delivery • transgenic organisms • gene expression • collection of the gene product
Plant Improvements Resistance to Pests Bt Corn: Producesits own Pesticide
Plant Improvements Resistance to Pests
Plant Improvements Resistance to Herbicides
Effects of Treatment with Roundup Roundup Ready Soybeans Traditional Soybeans
Plant Improvements Improved Food Quality Flavr-Savr Tomatosoftens more slowly after ripening
Plant Improvements Improved Food Quality
Template Original Gene Antisense construct 5’-ATGCCAGCGGAC-3’ 3’-TACGGTCGCCTG-5’ 3’-TACGGTCGCCTG-5’ 5’-ATGCCAGCGGAC-3’ Sensestrand 5’-AUGCCAGCGGAC-3’ mRNA Antisense product 3’-UACGGUCGCCUG-5’ AUGCCAGCGGAC mRNA Antisense product UACGGUCGCCUG Antisense Technology Blocks the expression of a gene by producing a product that combines with mRNA from the gene Promoter Promoter mRNA cannot be translated
“Golden” rice Plant Improvements Improved Food Quality
Plant Improvements Pharmaceutical Production in Plants
Plant Improvements Textile, paper and wood products
Applying Your Knowledge • Golden Rice • Improved Oil Canola • Roundup Ready Soybeans • Bt corn • Flavr-Savr Tomato • Which plant has a gene for an altered amino acid synthesis EPSPS enzyme? • Which plant makes its own pesticide? • Which plant provides beta-carotene, a precursor to Vitamin A?