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Circulatory System

Circulatory System. Circulatory System. Provides the force and channels for distribution of blood which carries food and oxygen to cells and removes wastes. Circulation. “ The Double Pump ” Blood passes through the heart twice each time it completes a circuit

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Circulatory System

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  1. Circulatory System

  2. Circulatory System • Provides the force and channels for distribution of blood which carries food and oxygen to cells and removes wastes

  3. Circulation “The Double Pump” • Blood passes through the heart twice each time it completes a circuit • Right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from body tissues and pumps it to the lungs • Left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to all body tissues

  4. Human Circulatory System • Closed system of circulation in which blood is always enclosed in tubular blood vessels • Blood does not come in direct contact with body tissue cells • Body cells must come in close contact with blood to exchange materials, therefore, blood vessels are found in almost every part of the body • Human circulatory system is made up of the blood vessels, the blood, and the heart

  5. Blood Vessels • Arteries • Thick walled tubes composed of elastic muscle tissue • Carries blood away from the heart • Aorta– principle artery protruding from the heart

  6. Arteries

  7. Blood Vessels • Veins • Thin walled tubes • Carries blood back to the heart from body tissues • Vena Cava – principle vein going into the heart

  8. Veins

  9. Blood Vessels • Capillaries • Fine network of tubes surrounding body tissues • Composed of thin walls only one cell layer thick to allow for diffusion of materials quickly across the membrane • Oxygen and nutrients move from the capillaries into the body cells • Carbon Dioxide and other waste products move from the body cells into the capillaries

  10. Arteries, Veins and Capillaries

  11. Blood Vessel Disorders Aneurysm • Bulging blood vessel that can rupture and cause a stroke, internal bleeding, and even death Varicose Veins • Valve failure resulting in backflow of blood • Causes enlargement of superficial veins in legs or rectum (hemorrhoids)

  12. Varicose Veins

  13. Blood • 70 kg person has ~ 5L of blood • Blood is a “fluid” tissue (individual cells working together for a common purpose)

  14. Blood: The Transport Medium The importance of blood • Transport of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) • Transport of waste • Transport of nutrients • Fighting disease and infection • Blood clotting

  15. Red Blood Cells

  16. Platelets

  17. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System • Coronary Artery Disease • Coronary arteries provide blood to heart muscle tissue • Arteries can become partially blocked with plaque • Plaque is a build-up of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances that are found in blood • Symptoms – tired, dizzy, pain or burning sensation in arms or chest • Angiogram is used to diagnose this disease

  18. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System • Heart Attack • Arteries can become completely blocked with plaque or with a blood clot • Heart muscle cells no longer receive the oxygen and nutrients they need to function • Heart stops pumping and heart tissue starts to die • Symptoms – chest pain or pressure, shortness of breath, nausea, anxiety, sweating, dizziness • Blood test and electrocardiogram (ECG) are used to diagnose a heart attack • Heart attacks are very serious and life-threatening http://www.heartsite.com/html/cad.html

  19. Summary of Heart Structure Superior Vena Cava Aorta Pulmonary Artery Right Atrium Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle Inferior Vena Cava Septum

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